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FAA Small UAS Exam / Part 107 > Drone Terminology > Flashcards

Drone Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

A) What does “sUAS“ stand for?

B) Define it.

A

A) small Unmanned Aircraft
or
Small Unmanned Aircraft System

B) Any aircraft that weights less than 55Lbs, is equipped will all components needed for safe operation, and has no human intervention from within.

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2
Q

What is the term CS?

A

Control Station: The interface used by the pilot to control the aircraft.

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3
Q

What is a PIC?

A

The Pilot In Command

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4
Q

Define “Person Manipulating the Controls.

A

A person that is not the main pilot in command who is controlling the aircraft under direct supervision of the PIC.

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5
Q

What is a “Public Aircraft”?

A

An aircraft leased, owned, or operated government or military.

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6
Q

Define “Remote PIC”.

A

An individual who is certified to operate sUAS and has final authority of the aircraft.

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7
Q

What is a “UA”?

A

An “Unmanned Aircraft” which is any aircraft that is flown without any direct human intervention from onboard the aircraft.

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8
Q

What is a “VO” and what does it do?

A

A Visual Observer is a person who acts as a crewman to a UA by assisting the PIC. They use effective communication to help avoid air traffic objects, avoid other hazards, alert the rest of the crew to potential hazards, conduct supplemental situational awareness, and help maintain visual line of sight.

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9
Q

What is DPE?

A

Designated Pilot Examiner

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10
Q

What is CFI?

A

Certified Flight Instructor

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11
Q

Define “Autonomous Operation”.

A

When a pre-programmed autopilot routine onboard the UA functions with-out direct input from the operator.

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12
Q

What is VLOS?

A

Visual Line Of Sight

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13
Q

Define serious injury in a reportable accident. (4)

A
  • Hospitalizes
  • Head trauma
  • Broken bones
  • Laceration needing suturing
    Any injury requiring hospitalization, trauma to the head, broken bones, laceration that requires suturing.
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14
Q

What is AIS?

A 
Abbreviated Injury Scale: Level 1 of Minor injury to level 6 of unserviceable injury.
Minor = 1 (superficial abrasion)
Moderate = 2 (concussion)
Serious = 3 (rib fracture)
Severe = 4 (chest wall perforation)
Critical = 5 (3rd degree burn)
Unsurvivable = 6 (eventually dies)
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15
Q

Define morning civil twilight

A

Morning Civil Twilight: 30 minutes prior to sunrise

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16
Q

Define evening civil twilight

A

30 minutes after sunset

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17
Q

What is TAF?

A

Terminal Aerodrome Forcast -

  • The weather report near airports
  • A weather report format established for five statute miles around airports
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18
Q

What is “dead reckoning”?

A

When you navigate solely on calculations based on airspeed, distance, time, and direction. The results of these calculations are adjusted by wind speed and velocity to come up with the heading and ground speed.

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19
Q

Define Pilotage

A

Navigation using landmarks

and/or checkpoints as a reference.

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20
Q

Define “wind triangle” navigation.

A

Navigation triangle representing wind speed/direction, flight heading/speed, and and true flight course.
This type of navigation uses triangulation. The true heading and ground speed are both determined by drawing a wind triangle of vectors. Each
side of the triangle represents a factor:
• Wind direction and velocity
• True heading and true airspeed
• Track and true course

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21
Q

What is “CG”?

A

Center of Gravity
The point in which the sUAS is balenced.
Expressed as inches from datum. The CG is calculated dividing the total moment by the total weight.

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22
Q

What two weights make up the “launch weight”?

A

Empty aircraft weight (Power source, air frame, fixed equipment)
+
Load (mission equipment like a camera)

23
Q

Define “arm” pertaining to loads.

A

The horizontal distance in inches from the reference datum line to the CG of the sUAS.. The algebraic sign is (+) if measured aft of the datum, and minus (-) if measured forward of the datum.
Weight x Arm = Moment

24
Q

What the term “moment” mean regarding sUAS loads?

A

Moment is the weight of an object multiplied by its arm in pound inches. The force being applied to a location along the longitudinal axis.
Weight in pounds x Arm in inches = Moment

25
Q

Define “Load Factor”.

A

The stress an aircraft must support during flight.
Load factor is defined as the force (or imposed stress) that must be supported by the structure of the aircraft during flight.

26
Q

What is “vortex ring state”
or
“settling with power“?

A

Phenomena when the aircraft will stall if the critical angle of attack of the wing/propeller is exceeded. This can happen if the aircraft is turned to sharply or pitched to steeply other occurrences happen with turbulent downward airflow

27
Q

What is the structural shape that is designed to produce a useful reaction to air movement?

A

Airfoil

28
Q

Define “cord line“.

A

An imaginary straight line that moves from the leading edge of an air foil to the trailing edge.

29
Q

Wahst is ADS-B?

A

Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast
Allows ATC to track aircraft location.
A surveillance technology in which an aircraft determines its position via satellite navigation or other sensors and periodically broadcasts it, enabling it to be tracked. The information can be received by air traffic control ground stations.

30
Q

What is CTAF?

A

Common
Traffic
Advisory Frequency (CTAF) is the name given to the VHF radio frequency used for air-to-air communication at United States, Canadian and Australian non-towered airports.

31
Q

What is ATIS?

A 
Automatic 
Terminal 
Information 
Service
A continuous broadcast of recorded aeronautical information in busier terminal areas, i.e. airports and their immediate surroundings. ATIS broadcasts contain essential information, such as current weather information, active runways, available approaches, and any other information required by the pilots, such as important NOTAMs. Pilots usually listen to an available ATIS broadcast before contacting the local control unit, which reduces the controllers' workload and relieves frequency congestion.
32
Q

What is a lost link?

A

A loss of link between the aircraft and control station preventing control of the sUAS.

33
Q

What is a TFR?

A

Temporary
Flight
Restriction
They restrict aircraft (including drones) from operating without permission in a certain area for a limited time. They are communicated to pilots through Notices to Air Missions ( NOTAMs).

34
Q

That is “flight termination”?

A

Flight termination is the intentional process of conducting controlled flight to the ground.

35
Q

What is FTP?

A

Flight
Termination
Points
Should be located within a power off glide distance or low power rapid dissent of the aircraft.
Always be based under the assumption that the SUAS is suffering from unrecoverable system failure.
Take factors like altitude and wind into consideration.
Take factors like obstacles, people, congested areas, and other aircraft operating areas into consideration.

36
Q

What is a flyaway?

A

The sUAS does not follow preset lost link procedures resulting in an emergency situation. Maybe due to software or hardware malfunctions.

37
Q

What is SMS?

A

Safety
Management
System
Formal, top down business approach to managing safety risk, which includes but is not limited to establishing organizational structures accountability‘s and policies.

38
Q

What is MSL?

A

Mean
Sea
Level

39
Q

What are IFR & IFP?

A 
Instrument
Flight 
Rules
or 
Instrument
Flight
Protocol

Flying by instruments instead of looking at what is outside.
Rules and regulations established by the FAA to govern flight under conditions in which flight by outside visual reference is not safe. IFR flight depends upon flying by reference to instruments in the flight deck, and navigation is accomplished by reference to electronic signals.

40
Q

What are VFR?

A

Visual
Flight
Rules

Regulations under which a pilot operates an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to see where the aircraft is going

41
Q

What is USS? (UAS S. S.)

A

UAS Service Supplier
Provides:
- Airspace information
- Airspace authorization
“Companies approved to provide LAANC Services are known as FAA Approved UAS Service Suppliers (USS)”
Examples: Aloft (formerly Kittyhawk), FAADroneZone, SkyGrid

42
Q

What is LAANC?

A

Low Altitude Authorization and Notification Capability (LAANC) pronounced “lance”

LAANC is powered by a small group of dedicated application providers that act as the medium between flight planning and approvals from the appropriate Air Traffic Control.
Examples: Aloft, FAADroneZone

43
Q

What are TFRs?

A

Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) and do not allow any drone flying
TFRs may be established days in advance, or with little notice
You might find a TFR in your area during a Presidential visit, during major sporting events, or in times of severe weather/natural disasters

44
Q

What is UASFM?

A 
Unmanned
Aircraft
System
Facility 
Map
45
Q

What is LAANC?

A

Lance is an automated application and approval process for airspace authorizations in controlled airspace at or below 400 feet.

46
Q

If yo need to request an airspace authorization in an area not serviced by LAANC, you can ?

A

You can use the FAA’s DroneZone if the area is not serviced by LAANC.

47
Q

What is FPV?

A

First
Person
View
When pilot wears goggles to see what the drone sees.

48
Q

What is CBO?

A

Community
Based
Organization
An FAA recognized group that promotes recreational flying and provides safety guidelines to its members. Title 49 USC 44809a2 requires recreational flyers follow the guidelines from a CBO.

49
Q

Define “control link”.

A

Signal connection from control station (controller) to the uSAS.

50
Q

What is NOTAM and how do you get them?

A

A) NOtice
To
AirMan
They are time-critical aeronautical information such as temporary hazards, VIP flights, Closed runways, inoperable safety equipment, Military exercises, Bird migration, Software vulnerabilities

B) NOTAMs are available through Flight Service Station (FSS),
Direct User Access Terminal Service (DUATS),
private vendors,
and websites.

51
Q

What is the “right-of-way” rule?

A

A PIC must yield to any other aircraft in the area either manned or unmanned.

52
Q

What is the see-and-avoid rule?

A

The PIC must avoid potential hazards that might affect the operation of the other aircraft in shared space. 

53
Q

What is a “CoW” and how is it used?

A

Certificate of Waiver (CoW)
You can apply for a CoW will allow the operator to deviate from certain provisions, as stated by the CoW, when the operation cannot be conducted within the regulatory airspace. However, the FAA can deny the application if it determines the new plan is unsafe.

54
Q

1) Define the speed of one knot in term and feet distance.

2) Define the speed of 1 mph in term and feet distance.

A

1) A knot is one nautical mile or 6,076.1 feet per hour.
2) A mile is 5,280 feet or a statute mile.
(Speed in knots x 1.15 = mph)

FAA Small UAS Exam / Part 107 (8 decks)

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