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FAA Small UAS Exam / Part 107 > Airspace & Requirements (15-25% of test) > Flashcards

Airspace & Requirements (15-25% of test) Flashcards

1
Q

What is Class A airspace?

A

Class A:

  • High altitude 18,000 to 60,000’ MSL (also known as Flight Level 600)
  • Includes areas 12 NM of US coast
  • Controlled under Instrument Flight Rules, so Visual Flight Rules flying is not authorized.
  • No authorization; sUAS prohibited to 99.9% of drones
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2
Q

What is class B airspace?

A

Class B

  • B = Busiest airports
  • Surface to 10,000 AGL (B10 bomber) generally
  • Mapped as solid blue line
  • Upside-down wedding cake shaped with 2 or more layers of controlled space
  • The remote PICs must contact the ATC facility as soon as possible prior to any operation in airspace.
  • Monitor Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF) at nearest airport found in Chart Supplement U.S. and on Sectional and Terminal Area Charts.
  • Also requires transponder and encoding altimeter

Extra:
- In Class B “Primary” pilots must hold at least a Private Pilot certificate to fly in this airspace.

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3
Q

What is class D airspace?

A

Class D

  • Small airports
  • Extend from surface to 2,500’ AGL (MSL)
  • Column shaped 4 nautical miles in radius at ceiling (top) and floor (bottom).
  • Mapped as blue dashed line
  • May not have full time ATC
  • The remote PICs must contact the ATC facility as soon as possible prior to any operation in airspace.
  • Monitor Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF) at nearest airport found in Chart Supplement U.S. and on Sectional and Terminal Area Charts.
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4
Q

What is class C airspace?

A

Class C:
- Moderately busy airports (Ex: Oakland)
- Surface to ceiling of 4,000’ AGL generally (think C4 explosive)
- Mapped with solid magenta line
- Upside down wedding cake with a ceiling (upper ring) 10 NM and floor (lower ring) 5 nautical miles in inner radius of airport
- The remote PICs must contact the ATC facility as soon as possible prior to any operation in airspace.
- Monitor Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF) by two way radio
Find frequency at nearest airport found in Chart Supplement U.S. and on Sectional and Terminal Area Charts.
- Also requires transponder and encoding altimeter

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5
Q

What is class E airspace?

A

Class E:

  • Controlled airspaces between A & G (Think “E”-verything else); “Generally begins where Class Golf ends”, per FAA
  • Surface to ceiling of 700’ AGL (1,200’ if depicted on map; If chart does not depict, floor starts at 14,500’ MSL)
  • All airspace from 14,500’ to 17,999’ is considered Class E airspace.
  • Mapped as dashed magenta
  • Surface area of airports that use an instrument approach but have no control tower
  • sUAS may operate while following all other regulations
  • ATC authorization not required for Part 107 operations in class E airspace (unless)…
  • Exception, ATC Authorization needed for “SURFACE ECHO - E2” extension of B,C,D airspaces, with no dashed line segregating the airspace. This is surface area designated for an airport with IFR without control tower.

Extra:
- Above (with waiver) 700-1,200’ AGL requires ATC approval
- “No person may operate a small unmanned aircraft…within the lateral boundaries of the surface area of Class E airspace designated for an airport unless that person has prior authorization from Air Traffic Control (ATC)
(Small UAS Operating Rules) 14 CFR §107.41”
- Surface area of airports that have no control tower and require instrumental approach, but two way radio communication required.

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6
Q

What is class G airspace?

A

Class G

  • Uncontrolled airspace
  • Upper limit varies; based of overlying Class E airspace
  • Does not require approval to fly here.
  • ATC has no authority, but VFR apply
  • sUAS May operate while following all other regulations like “see and avoid”.
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7
Q

How low does “regulated airspace” go?

A

Ground Level / Surface

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8
Q

What are the 2 main categories of airspace?

A

Controlled
&
Uncontrolled

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9
Q

Do you still have to comply with rules in uncontrolled airspace?

A

Yes, uncontrolled does not mean unregulated. All pilots must at least follow the Exception for Recreational Flyer rules.

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10
Q

Unless authorized by the FAA, recreational drone flying is limited to a maximum altitude of?

A

400ft (122 meters) AGL

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11
Q

Where can you find controlled airspace mapping? (2)

A
  • UAS Facility Maps
  • B4UFLY App “Controlled airspace and other flying restrictions can be found on our B4UFLY app” per FAA. (B4UFly App is ment to improve the user experience so that recreational flyers know whether it is safe to fly their drone NOT grant approval.)
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12
Q

Can any airspace be restricted during certain times?

A

Yes

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13
Q

What are “FAA approved USS”?

A

UAS Service Supplier (USS)
FAA, “Companies approved to provide LAANC Services are known as FAA Approved UAS Service Suppliers (USS).” Low Altitude Authorization and Notification Capability (LAANC) is pronounced “lance”

Note - FAA’s B4UFly App - “It does not allow users to obtain airspace authorizations to fly in controlled airspace, which are only available through the FAA’s Low Altitude Authorization and Notification Capability (LAANC).”

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14
Q

What will you need to do if your flight operation is controlled airspace? (5)

A

1) Be a Part 107 Pilot - Be an FAA Certificated Remote Pilot, issued under Part 107.
2) Drone Registered - Register and mark your drone
3) Anti-Collision Light - Equip your drone with anti-collision lighting visible for at least three (3) statute miles that has a flash rate sufficient to avoid a collision
4) Request from FAA - Request authorization from FAA Drone Zone or the Low Altitude Authorization and Notification Capability (LAANC).
5) Be Authorized - Hold a FAA valid airspace authorization for operations in controlled airspace under 400 feet before you fly.

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15
Q

What will you need to do if you are in UNcontrolled airspace?

A

If you are in uncontrolled airspace, you do not need an airspace authorization to fly at or below 400ft above ground level (AGL)

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16
Q

What are the two ways you can request approval to fly in FAA controlled airspace and alert ATC that drones are in the area.

A

1) Use a FAA approved LAANC UAS Service Supplier (USS) like the “LAANC Connected” app or the FAA”s website.
2) FAA’s DroneZone website at www.faadronezone.faa.gov

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17
Q

What do UAS Facility Maps show with numbers on the map?

A

The maximum altitude in controlled airspace where the FAA may authorize drone flights. For use in planning.
* The maps DO NOT “pre-authorize” drone flights in these areas.

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18
Q

When reading sectional charts 58 over 36 means what?

A

Airspace has a 5,800 ceiling / upper altitude limit and a 3,600 floor / lower altitude limit

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19
Q

What is a Class E Surface Extension?

A

Where the Class E airspace will be from the surface.

20
Q

The altitude for the floor and ceiling of a class of controlled airspace is relative to ..

A

MSL
Medium Sea Level
(Old school barometric alternators measured pressure relative to sea level not altitude related to terrain)

21
Q

Where is the best source of information for airport location, elevation, runway and lighting facilities, available services, availability of aeronautical advisory station frequency (UNICOM), types of fuel available, FSS located on the airport, roll tower in ground control frequencies, traffic information, remarks, and other pertinent information. 

A

The Chart Supplement U.S. (formerly Airport/Facility Directory)

22
Q

Are longitude and latitude parallel to the equator?

A

Latitude are lateral lines that measure 90* North and 90* South.

23
Q

Is latitude or longitude used to measure degrees of distance north or south of the equator?

A

Latitude measures N & S

24
Q

Does latitude or longitude measure east to west?

A

Longitude measures the meridian degrees east and west to 180*

25
Q

Where is the “Prime Meridian” located?

A

Greenwich, England

26
Q

On the West Coast of the United States the compass needle points to the ____ of true north.
On the East Coast the compass needle points to the ____ of true North

A

On the West Coast of the United States the compass needle points to the east of true north. On the East Coast the compass needle points to the west of true North

27
Q

Do pilots use true north (TN) or magnetic north (MN) for navigation?

A

True North
Use a chart to calculate the magnetic variation between magnetic north and true north as appropriate to your location.
East is least (subtract) and west is best (add).
If variation chart states “9* E” it means MN is 9* east of TN.

28
Q

1) What are the “special use airspace” called “Prohibited Areas” used for?
2) How ate they shown?
3) Examples include…
4) What are the implication to pilots?

A

1) Prohibited areas that are established for security or other reasons associated with the national welfare.
2) Shown in the federal register and depicted in aeronautical charts as “P” followed by the number inside blue hashmarks. 
3) Examples: Camp David, White House, etc.
4) Implication to pilots: * Will never get authorization, but technical could (not wholly prohibited). If area is active, penetration of restricted areas without authorization maybe extremely hazardous and easiest way to loose your license. (If not active and has been released by the FAA than the ATC facility MIGHT allow aircraft operation without issuing specific clearance to do so.)

29
Q

1) What are the “special use airspace” called “Restricted Areas” used for?
2) How are they shown?
3) Examples include…
4) What are the implication to pilots?

A

1) The US government has sole jurisdiction over the airspace.
2) Shown in the chart with a “R” Followed by a number. Blue hashmarks in sectional charts. Additional information can be obtained on the back of the chart.
3) Examples: Military live fire
4) Implication to pilots: Contact military to find out if “hot” or “cold”.

30
Q

1) What are the “special use airspace” called “Warning Areas” used for?
2) How are they shown?
3) Examples include…
4) What are the implication to pilots?

A

1) The US government does not have jurisdiction.
2) Shown with “W” Followed by number
3) Examples: Domestic waters, International waters
4) Implication to pilots: Warming areas have potential activity that may be hazardous to non-participating aircraft. 

31
Q

1) What are the “special use airspace” called Military Operation Area (MOA) used for?
2) How are they shown?
3) Examples include…
4) What are the implication to pilots?

A

1) Separating certain military training activities from non-military aircraft.
2) Shown in the chart as “____ MOA”. Magenta hashmarks. Further to find on the back of the sectional chart times of operation altitude affected and control agency.
3) Examples: U. S. Air Force
4) Implication to pilots: When in use, non-military traffic may be cleared through the MOA by ATC

32
Q

1) What are the “special use airspace” called “Alert Areas” used for?
2) How are they shown?
3) Examples include…
4) What are the implication to pilots?

A

1) High volume of pilot training or an unusual type of aerial aircraft.
2) Shown in the chart as “A” Fall by the number.
3) Examples: High volume of Rotary and fixed wing flight training
4) Implication to pilots: It would be wise to avoid. Pilot should exercise caution and alert areas. Can fly in accordance with regulations without waiver. All pilots shall be equally responsible for collision avoidance. 

33
Q

1) What are the “special use airspace” called Controlled Firing Areas (CRAs) used for?
2) How are they shown?
3) Examples include…
4) What are the implication to pilots?

A

1) Operations in Controlled firing areas could be hazardous to aircraft and must be suspended when aircraft enter.
2) Not charted since they do not cause a non-for Spain aircraft to change its flight path.
3) Examples: Live fire zones where military must stop if aircraft seen.
4) Implication to pilots: ?

34
Q

How far above national Park’s, national Monument, national wildlife refuge is, and wilderness and current of areas must aircraft fly?

A

2,000 feet

35
Q

1) What are the “special use airspace” called “Military Training Routes” (MTR) used for?
2) How ate they shown?
3) Examples include…
4) What are the implication to pilots?

A

1) A military training route’s main purpose is to give the military a place to contact low altitude, high-speed training.
2) Visual flight rules (VR####)
3) In most cases military training routes are established below 10,000 feet MSL for operations that exceed speeds of 250 kn.
4) Remote pilots must consult the department of defense flight information publication (FLIP).

36
Q

When should you use the DroneZone for authorization? (3)

A

You should use the DroneZone to request an airspace authorization if:

  • Area not serviced by LAANC
    “You want to fly in areas that are in controlled airspace and are not serviced by LAANC (the red grids on the UAS Facility Maps).”
  • “You are flying under Part 107 and want to fly in a “zero” grid area or above a UAS Facility Map grid value.”
  • You already have a FAA waiver. “You have a waiver under Part 107 and want to fly in controlled airspace using the waiver.”
37
Q

Name 3 ways to operate in controlled airspace (Class B, C, D, or surface area E)?

A
  • Complete a LAANC Part 107 Airspace Authorization request
  • Complete a FAA Drone Zone Part 107 Airspace Authorization request
  • Waiver Application in the FAA DroneZone.
38
Q

How far in advance must you apply for certificate of waiver for any deviation from 14 CFR part 107 regulation?

A

90 days

39
Q

What is another term for above ground level (AGL)? (A. A.)

A

Absolute Altitude

Used for weather to describe the height of something starting at ground level.

40
Q

1) Each degree of longitude or latitude is divided into how many minutes?
2) Each minute is divided into how many seconds?

A

1) 60

2) 60

41
Q

If a tower on a sectional map is marked 1729 (306), what does it mean?

A

1729 feet MSL
and
306 feet AGL

42
Q

Can you fly a drone in a national wildlife refuge?

A

Yes

But, doesn’t hurt to ask.

43
Q

Generally, what is the lowest altitude that airplanes fly at?

A

500 feet AGL

44
Q

VR### and grey line indicates what?

A

High speed low altitude military flight route.

45
Q

What reference material show Class B and C airspaces in greater detail.

A

The Sectional Aeronautical
Chart (Sectional)
and
Terminal Area Chart (TAC)

FAA Small UAS Exam / Part 107 (8 decks)

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