Drawings and Details Flashcards
Parameters that coer most of the common characteristics that must be considered in a construction assembly’s design or evaluation
- compatibility with design intent
- structural integrity
- safety
- security
- durability maintainability
- code requirements
- construction trade sequence
- fabrication and installation methods
- tolerances
- clearances
- costs
- material availability
- building movement and substrate attachement
- conformance to industry standards
- resistaince to moisture.weathering
- thermal resistance
- sustainability
structural integrity
- refers to the ability of a material or construction component to withstand the forces applied to it
- common forces include: live and dead loads, windloads, seismicloads, hydrostatic pressure, forces caused by building movement, loads induces by human use (e.g. door jamb) loads created by one material acting as a substrate for another, accidental or intentional abuse, strength properies of material
concerens for safety
- structural safety: will the material or detail physically collapse
- fire safety: is the material fire resistant enough for its intended use? will is produce smoke or toxic fumes of burned? if it burns, will its failure lead to failure of adjacent material
- safety with human contact: is there a potential for harm when people com in contact with the material or detail (eg. sharp edges)
3 major elements of cost involved with buikding:
1) material
2) labor
3) equipment
because all details consists of a number of components connected to each other, it is important to understand that one material must provide an apporpriate base for the attachement of another. this attachment may be done in one of three ways:
1) rigid (e.g. plaster fixed to lathe)
2) rigid but adustable for instlalation (e.g. cutain wall anchored to a floor beam)
3) flexible (e.g. expansion joint)
deviation from industry standards should be done only after….
—precise definition of the performance requirements specifie for the building assembly, after thorough research of the maerials and construction techniques being proposed mee the requirements, and by caredul analysis of how the construction might actually perform, then final desicion should be made by the client based on info and recommendations provided by the architect
contruction drawings are organized in the following way:
1) title and index sheet
2) civil engineering drawings
3) site drawings
4) architectural drawings
- demo plan (if any)
- floor plans
- RCPs
- roof plans
- exterior elevations
- interior elevations
- building sections
- wall sections
- exterior details
- interior elevations
- schedules
5) structural drawings
6) plumbing
7) mechanical
8) elecrical
9) other consultant’s drawings (kitchen, acoustical)
Which of the following conditions should be met before the start of interior painting?
a) The permanent heating system is operational.
b) Exterior openings are sealed.
c) The exterior temperature is above 50° F.
d) Sidewalks have been completed for dirt control.
b) Exterior openings are sealed.
Which of the following types of test equipment is used to check for air infiltration on an already constructed exterior wall system?
a) A smoke pencil
b) A cylinder
c) An HEPA filter
d) An ultrasonic detector
a) A smoke pencil
Before starting the construction documents phase, which of the following procedures would help assure quality control in preparing the construction documents?
Check the three that apply.
A. Maintain documentation standards
B. Review documents with local code officials.
C. Provide detailed cost estimate.
D. Provide for thorough review and
checking procedures
E. Use an approved set of design
development documents
F. Have contractor check documents
A. Maintain documentation standards
C. Provide detailed cost estimate.
F. Have contractor check documents
setting blocks
component of a window sill
- glass is placed on to pof this component to support the weight of the glass and cushion is from the frame
anti-walk blocks
sometimes used in jamb frames to prevent the glass from touching the jamb
in a full set of constrcution drawings, the mechanical engineering drawings are typically placed
a) after the civil engineering drawings and before the architectural drawings
b) immediately after the architectural drawings
c) after the structural drawings and before the electrical drawings
d) after the elecetrical drawings
c) after the structural drawings and before the electrical drawings
the normal sequencing of drawings in a full set of drawings is as follows:
1) site drawings
2) civil engineerings drawings
3) archtiectural
4) structural
5) plumbing is not included in mechanical
6) mechanical
7) electrical
During preparationof construction drawings, the architect should coordinate with the structural engineer by
a) requiring the engineer to submit progress drawings when changes are made
b) conducting weekly meetings with the engineer and exchanging progress copies of drawings
c) holding conference calls between staff at both offices at times required by the work progress
d) submitting weekly written memos to the engineer describing the architectural requirements
b) conducting weekly meetings with the engineer and exchanging progress copies of drawings
An architect consults with an engineerings firm that rpovides mechanical, electrical, and plumbing serives, as well as lighting design. Who is responsible for verifying that recessed downlights do not interfere with the ductwork shown on the plans?
architect
- The architect is responsible for overall coordination of all the contract documents prepared by his or her consultants
- if the owner chooses to hire engineers outside of the architect’s contract, or elects to have some of this work performed by a contractor on a design-build basis, the owner then becomes responsbile for coordination of the documents
Plans, sections, and elevatoins are examples of
a) isometric drawings
b) axonometric drawings
c. orthographic drawings
d) oblique drawings
c. orthographic drawings
axonometric drawings
- prepared by rotating the plan at an angle of (usually 45/45. 30/60, or 60/30) and drawing the horizontal and vertical elements of the elevations to scale
- sometimes called paraline drawings
isometric drawings
-type of axonometric drawing the projects the view along x,y, and z axes that are 120 degrees apart
oblique drawings
- drawn relative to a primary plane with other elements being foreshortened
example: and elevation oblique is projected from an elevation; the elevation closest to the viewer is shown to scale and actual shape, but the other sides of hte building are foreshortened
a proejct architect assignes a project to two interns in the office who collaborate to complete the construction drawings and details for the design the project architect has sketched. The project architect answers occasional qustions during the development of the drawings but does not review the drawings until they are 95% complete. Which type of quality management technique best describes the project architect’s apporach?
a) total quality management
b) quality control
c) quality assurance
d) coordination
b) quality control
- quality contraol requires a project architect or designated quality control reviewer to check the work immediately before is is distributed to the user
- helps catch any errors that may have been made, but has the disadvantage of detecting them at the very end of the process, when they may be more costly to fix or when time may not allow for comprehensive revision of the drawings affected
quality assurance
- requires periodic checks of the work while it is being developed
- example: check sets may be generated for the reviewer when the project is 25%, 50%, and 90% complete
- this allows the reviewer to pick up any errors earlier in the process and is intended to produce a better coordinated set of documents
total quality management (TQM)
-goes beyond quality control and quality assurance, with the goal of customer satisfaction
which of the following construction items is most likely to be shop fabricated
a. light fixtures
b. hvac duct work
c. plumbing fixtures
d. concrete
b. hvac duct work
hvac duct work is typically fabricated in the hvac contractor’s shop and delivered to the job site ready to install.
-light and plumbing fixtures are mass produced manufactured items and concrete must be placed at the job site
which of the following drawings requires the greatest level of coordinations between architect and consultants.
a. floor plans
b. exterior elevations
c. RCPs
d. wall sections and details
c. RCPs
- these drawings contain info relating to architecture, HVAC devices, lighting fixtures, sprinkler heads, and fire protection equipment
all the floor space within a building can be classified into one of the following 4 categories:
1) net assignable area: area that can be assigned to an occupant, including service and custodial spaces
2) circulation area: areas required for access to subdivisions of spae such as stairwells, corridors, elevators, lobbies, and so on
3) mechanical area: all mechanical spaces such as equipment rooms, duct shafts, bioler rooms, and so on
4) construction area: area occupied by exterior walls, structural elements, and partitions
