Drawings and Details

Question 1

Parameters that coer most of the common characteristics that must be considered in a construction assembly’s design or evaluation

Answer 1

• compatibility with design intent
• structural integrity
• safety
• security
• durability maintainability
• code requirements
• construction trade sequence
• fabrication and installation methods
• tolerances
• clearances
• costs
• material availability
• building movement and substrate attachement
• conformance to industry standards
• resistaince to moisture.weathering
• thermal resistance
• sustainability

Question 2

structural integrity

Answer 2

• refers to the ability of a material or construction component to withstand the forces applied to it
• common forces include: live and dead loads, windloads, seismicloads, hydrostatic pressure, forces caused by building movement, loads induces by human use (e.g. door jamb) loads created by one material acting as a substrate for another, accidental or intentional abuse, strength properies of material

Question 3

concerens for safety

Answer 3

• structural safety: will the material or detail physically collapse
• fire safety: is the material fire resistant enough for its intended use? will is produce smoke or toxic fumes of burned? if it burns, will its failure lead to failure of adjacent material
• safety with human contact: is there a potential for harm when people com in contact with the material or detail (eg. sharp edges)

Question 4

3 major elements of cost involved with buikding:

Answer 4

1) material
2) labor
3) equipment

Question 5

because all details consists of a number of components connected to each other, it is important to understand that one material must provide an apporpriate base for the attachement of another. this attachment may be done in one of three ways:

Answer 5

1) rigid (e.g. plaster fixed to lathe)
2) rigid but adustable for instlalation (e.g. cutain wall anchored to a floor beam)
3) flexible (e.g. expansion joint)

Question 6

deviation from industry standards should be done only after….

Answer 6

—precise definition of the performance requirements specifie for the building assembly, after thorough research of the maerials and construction techniques being proposed mee the requirements, and by caredul analysis of how the construction might actually perform, then final desicion should be made by the client based on info and recommendations provided by the architect

Question 7

contruction drawings are organized in the following way:

Answer 7

1) title and index sheet
2) civil engineering drawings
3) site drawings
4) architectural drawings
- demo plan (if any)
- floor plans
- RCPs
- roof plans
- exterior elevations
- interior elevations
- building sections
- wall sections
- exterior details
- interior elevations
- schedules
5) structural drawings
6) plumbing
7) mechanical
8) elecrical
9) other consultant’s drawings (kitchen, acoustical)

Question 8

Which of the following conditions should be met before the start of interior painting?

a) The permanent heating system is operational.
b) Exterior openings are sealed.

c) The exterior temperature is above 50° F.
d) Sidewalks have been completed for dirt control.

Answer 8

b) Exterior openings are sealed.

Question 9

Which of the following types of test equipment is used to check for air infiltration on an already constructed exterior wall system?
a) A smoke pencil

b) A cylinder
c) An HEPA filter
d) An ultrasonic detector

Answer 9

a) A smoke pencil

Question 10

Before starting the construction documents phase, which of the following procedures would help assure quality control in preparing the construction documents?
Check the three that apply.

A. Maintain documentation standards

B. Review documents with local code officials.

C. Provide detailed cost estimate.

D. Provide for thorough review and

checking procedures

E. Use an approved set of design

development documents

F. Have contractor check documents

Answer 10

A. Maintain documentation standards

C. Provide detailed cost estimate.

F. Have contractor check documents

Question 11

setting blocks

Answer 11

component of a window sill

• glass is placed on to pof this component to support the weight of the glass and cushion is from the frame

Question 12

anti-walk blocks

Answer 12

sometimes used in jamb frames to prevent the glass from touching the jamb

Question 13

in a full set of constrcution drawings, the mechanical engineering drawings are typically placed

a) after the civil engineering drawings and before the architectural drawings
b) immediately after the architectural drawings
c) after the structural drawings and before the electrical drawings
d) after the elecetrical drawings

Answer 13

c) after the structural drawings and before the electrical drawings

Question 14

the normal sequencing of drawings in a full set of drawings is as follows:

Answer 14

1) site drawings
2) civil engineerings drawings
3) archtiectural
4) structural
5) plumbing is not included in mechanical
6) mechanical
7) electrical

Question 15

During preparationof construction drawings, the architect should coordinate with the structural engineer by

a) requiring the engineer to submit progress drawings when changes are made
b) conducting weekly meetings with the engineer and exchanging progress copies of drawings
c) holding conference calls between staff at both offices at times required by the work progress
d) submitting weekly written memos to the engineer describing the architectural requirements

Answer 15

b) conducting weekly meetings with the engineer and exchanging progress copies of drawings

Question 16

An architect consults with an engineerings firm that rpovides mechanical, electrical, and plumbing serives, as well as lighting design. Who is responsible for verifying that recessed downlights do not interfere with the ductwork shown on the plans?

Answer 16

architect

• The architect is responsible for overall coordination of all the contract documents prepared by his or her consultants
• if the owner chooses to hire engineers outside of the architect’s contract, or elects to have some of this work performed by a contractor on a design-build basis, the owner then becomes responsbile for coordination of the documents

Question 17

Plans, sections, and elevatoins are examples of

a) isometric drawings
b) axonometric drawings
c. orthographic drawings
d) oblique drawings

Answer 17

c. orthographic drawings

Question 18

axonometric drawings

Answer 18

• prepared by rotating the plan at an angle of (usually 45/45. 30/60, or 60/30) and drawing the horizontal and vertical elements of the elevations to scale
• sometimes called paraline drawings

Question 19

isometric drawings

Answer 19

-type of axonometric drawing the projects the view along x,y, and z axes that are 120 degrees apart

Question 20

oblique drawings

Answer 20

• drawn relative to a primary plane with other elements being foreshortened
  example: and elevation oblique is projected from an elevation; the elevation closest to the viewer is shown to scale and actual shape, but the other sides of hte building are foreshortened

Question 21

a proejct architect assignes a project to two interns in the office who collaborate to complete the construction drawings and details for the design the project architect has sketched. The project architect answers occasional qustions during the development of the drawings but does not review the drawings until they are 95% complete. Which type of quality management technique best describes the project architect’s apporach?

a) total quality management
b) quality control
c) quality assurance
d) coordination

Answer 21

b) quality control
- quality contraol requires a project architect or designated quality control reviewer to check the work immediately before is is distributed to the user
- helps catch any errors that may have been made, but has the disadvantage of detecting them at the very end of the process, when they may be more costly to fix or when time may not allow for comprehensive revision of the drawings affected

Question 22

quality assurance

Answer 22

• requires periodic checks of the work while it is being developed
• example: check sets may be generated for the reviewer when the project is 25%, 50%, and 90% complete
• this allows the reviewer to pick up any errors earlier in the process and is intended to produce a better coordinated set of documents

Question 23

total quality management (TQM)

Answer 23

-goes beyond quality control and quality assurance, with the goal of customer satisfaction

Question 24

which of the following construction items is most likely to be shop fabricated

a. light fixtures
b. hvac duct work
c. plumbing fixtures
d. concrete

Answer 24

b. hvac duct work

hvac duct work is typically fabricated in the hvac contractor’s shop and delivered to the job site ready to install.

-light and plumbing fixtures are mass produced manufactured items and concrete must be placed at the job site

Question 25

which of the following drawings requires the greatest level of coordinations between architect and consultants.

a. floor plans
b. exterior elevations
c. RCPs
d. wall sections and details

Answer 25

c. RCPs
- these drawings contain info relating to architecture, HVAC devices, lighting fixtures, sprinkler heads, and fire protection equipment

Question 26

all the floor space within a building can be classified into one of the following 4 categories:

Answer 26

1) net assignable area: area that can be assigned to an occupant, including service and custodial spaces
2) circulation area: areas required for access to subdivisions of spae such as stairwells, corridors, elevators, lobbies, and so on
3) mechanical area: all mechanical spaces such as equipment rooms, duct shafts, bioler rooms, and so on
4) construction area: area occupied by exterior walls, structural elements, and partitions