Dr. Little: Equine Jeopardy Rview

Question 1

Most distal nerve block performed in the horse

Answer 1

palmar digital nerve block

Question 2

During a colic episode an NG tube was passed and positive net reflux obtained- this treatment is often given via the NG tube

Answer 2

nothing

Question 3

A horse displays a head nod up when the right front limb contacts the ground is said to have a lameness associated with this limb

Answer 3

right front

Question 4

Most common complication of castration in horses

Answer 4

• excessive hemorrhage

Question 5

This is a common shoeing/trimming prescription given for horses with caudal heel pain

Answer 5

• shorten/roll the toe

Question 6

Forelimb lameness is often exacerbated when the horse is trotted in small circles- exacerbation of a right forelimb lameness would be expected when the horse is trotted

Answer 6

• to the right

Question 7

During this type of wound healing, the wound is allowed to heal without suture placement

Answer 7

• second intention wound healing

Question 8

This is one of the 3 main reasons for skin graft failure

Answer 8

• motion, infection, hemorrhage

Question 9

This substance is commonly found associated with wounds on the distal limbs of horses which inhibits healing

Answer 9

• granulation tissue

Question 10

This medication should be given to all horses post castration

Answer 10

• phenylbutazone

Question 11

Endotoxemia secondary to reperfusion injury can lead to the demise of a horse post op- this antibiotic is commonly used to combat endotoxemia in the horse

Answer 11

• polymyxin B

Question 12

This is the most common clinical sign of septic arthritis

Answer 12

• lameness

Question 13

This dewormer is used to treat horses with bots

Answer 13

• ivermectin

Question 14

This procedure is performed during colic surgery for horses with surgical impactions

Answer 14

• pelvic flexure enterotomy

Question 15

It is recommended to vaccinate pregnant mares approximately this many weeks prior to parturition

Answer 15

• 4-6 weeks

Question 16

This type of grass hay has been associated with ileal impactions in the horse

Answer 16

• Bermuda grass hay

Question 17

In a foal with cystorrhexis, these electrolyte abnormalities would be expected

Answer 17

• hyponatremia, hypochloridemia, hyperkalemia

Question 18

This vaccine is often administered to pregnant mares at specific intervals throughout gestation

Answer 18

• equine herpesvirus

Question 19

This is the best way to minimize swelling post castration

Answer 19

• exercise

Question 20

A distal limb flexion test is performed to stress and help identify lameness in the horses- this specific flexion test not only places stress on the fetlock but also

Answer 20

– coffin and pastern joints

Question 21

This is the mainstay of treatment for post-op ileus

Answer 21

• fluid therapy/cardiovascular support

Question 22

It is imperative that horses are current on this vaccination at the time of castration

Answer 22

• tetanus toxoid vaccine

Question 23

This vaccine must be administered by a veterinarian

Answer 23

• rabies

Question 24

This is the incision site for equine castration

Answer 24

• scrotal incision

Question 25

This fracture extends across a growth plate and through the metaphysis

Answer 25

• salter harris type II

Question 26

This is the maintenance fluid requirements of an average 500kg horse

Answer 26

• 1L/hr or 25L per day

Question 27

This lesion causes colic in horses and is often treated by jogging the horse after pharmaceutical administration

Answer 27

• nephrosplenic entrapment

Question 28

This is the primary collagen found in tendons

Answer 28

• type I collagen

Question 29

Horses undergoing arthrodesis of this joint have >80% prognosis for return to work

Answer 29

• hindlimb pastern arthrodesis

Question 30

In a critically ill colicky patient this can be given to help support cardiovascular status prior to transport to a surgical facility

Answer 30

• hypertonic saline administration – follow up with 10L crystalloids per 1L hypertonic saline

Question 31

These 2 hormonal assays can help differentiate a gelding from cryptorchid stallion

Answer 31

– testosterone, estrone sulfate (conjugated estrogen) assays or Hcg stim test

Question 32

This type of colon obstruction causes severe congestion and edema in the mesentery and affected colon

Answer 32

• hemorrhagic strangulating obstruction (not ischemic)

Question 33

Foals become infected with this parasite via transmammary transmission

Answer 33

• strongyloides westeri

Question 34

A wound in this location often leads to significant subcutaneous emphysemia, and in severe cases pneumomediastinum

Answer 34

• axillary wound- one way valve

Question 35

These are potential predisposing factors for colon torsion in horses

Answer 35

• recent parturition, recent access to lush green grass, recent dietary changes

Question 36

In a horse with POI, gastric decompression is often carried out every

Answer 36

2-3 hours

Question 37

Hemorrhage after castration- packing site does not resolve issue- you call the client and recommend

Answer 37

• re-anesthetize, identify and ligate the vessel

Question 38

Unvaccinated horses with this disease almost always demonstrate signs of lip twitching

Answer 38

• west nile virus

Question 39

Most colon torsions twist this direction

Answer 39

• dorso-medially (right ventral colon) -