Dehorning and Tracheostomy Flashcards
Uk requires analgesia during dehorning if..
Animal is > 7 days old
Dehorning anesthesia
2 benefits cornual block:
1
2.
- Behavioral effect
2. less likely to have cortisol rise
Dehorning Anesthesia and Analgesia:
- Drugs used?
- Technique?
- 2% lidocaine and Meloxicam
- 3-10ml lidocaine on each side,
1mg/kg PO meloxciam once
Dehorning methods:
1.
2.
3.
4.
- Chemical
- Thermal
- Cutting
- Genetic
Chemical Dehorning:
- Use ____
- In what animals?
- Do it when?
- Caustic Paste
- Younger calves with no sinus opening
- 3-7 days
Thermal Dehorning:
- Use in what animals?
- Dehorner must…
- younger calves with no sinus opening
2. must fit around horn button
Cutting Dehorning: Tool options?
1.
2.
3.
4.
- Tube dehorner
- Scoop/gauge dehorner
- Keystone dehorner
- Ob wire
You can only use a tube gouge dehorner on animals of what age?
< 8 weeks old
Scoop dehorners can be used on animals in what age range?
3 months to 1 years (but technically as long as it fits)
Keystone Dehorner is used for (small/large) horns?
Large
Dehorning must include….
1 cm ring of haired skin
Cosmetic dehorning allows…
primary closure of the skin
Incision technique for cosmetic dehorning?
Elliptical incision around the horn
What is used to removed the horn in cosmetic dehorning?
OB wire placed at the very base
Remove the horn with ob wire exposes the _____ for “pulling”
cornual a
Closure technique for cosmetic dehorning?
use #2 non abosrbable suture in a mattress/simple interrupted pattern
Most common complication of dehorning?
How do you treat it?
Hemorrhage.
by pulling or ligating the arteries (up to 4)
How do you minimize infection from dehorning?
what two diseases can it lead to?
avoid dehorning during fly season
acute or chronic sinusitis
Sinusitis:
- Which sinus is most often affected?
- Why is this one most often affected?
- Frontal
2. Because it extends into the horn at 4-6 months old
Clinical signs of sinusitis
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
- nasal discharge
- discharge from dehorning site
- Facial distortion
- Halitosis
- Dull sinus percussion
Sinusitis:
What bacteria is it if it is:
- Associated with dehorning?
- Not associated with dehorning?
- Arcanobacterium pyogenes
2. Pastuerella multocida
Sinusitis: Treatment:
1.
2.
3.
4.
- Open drainage and lavage
- Standing procedure with local anesthetic
- Trephine holes in sinus
- Lavage large volumes
T/F: Tracheostomy is not an emergency procedure
F, it is
Tracheostomy:
Incision where?
At junction of cranial and middle 1/3rd of neck
Tracheostomy:
Incise the ____ after spliting the paired muscles
Annular ligament
Tracheostomy:
Warning: Do not transect more than ___% of the the diameter of the trachea
50%
