Dehorning and Tracheostomy

Question 1

Uk requires analgesia during dehorning if..

Answer 1

Animal is > 7 days old

Question 2

Dehorning anesthesia

2 benefits cornual block:

1
2.

Answer 2

1. Behavioral effect

2. less likely to have cortisol rise

Question 3

Dehorning Anesthesia and Analgesia:

1. Drugs used?
2. Technique?

Answer 3

1. 2% lidocaine and Meloxicam
2. 3-10ml lidocaine on each side,
   1mg/kg PO meloxciam once

Question 4

Dehorning methods:

1.

2.

3.

4.

Answer 4

1. Chemical
2. Thermal
3. Cutting
4. Genetic

Question 5

Chemical Dehorning:

1. Use ____
2. In what animals?
3. Do it when?

Answer 5

1. Caustic Paste
2. Younger calves with no sinus opening
3. 3-7 days

Question 6

Thermal Dehorning:

1. Use in what animals?
2. Dehorner must…

Answer 6

1. younger calves with no sinus opening

2. must fit around horn button

Question 7

Cutting Dehorning: Tool options?

1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer 7

1. Tube dehorner
2. Scoop/gauge dehorner
3. Keystone dehorner
4. Ob wire

Question 8

You can only use a tube gouge dehorner on animals of what age?

Answer 8

< 8 weeks old

Question 9

Scoop dehorners can be used on animals in what age range?

Answer 9

3 months to 1 years (but technically as long as it fits)

Question 10

Keystone Dehorner is used for (small/large) horns?

Answer 10

Large

Question 11

Dehorning must include….

Answer 11

1 cm ring of haired skin

Question 12

Cosmetic dehorning allows…

Answer 12

primary closure of the skin

Question 13

Incision technique for cosmetic dehorning?

Answer 13

Elliptical incision around the horn

Question 14

What is used to removed the horn in cosmetic dehorning?

Answer 14

OB wire placed at the very base

Question 15

Remove the horn with ob wire exposes the _____ for “pulling”

Answer 15

cornual a

Question 16

Closure technique for cosmetic dehorning?

Answer 16

use #2 non abosrbable suture in a mattress/simple interrupted pattern

Question 17

Most common complication of dehorning?

How do you treat it?

Answer 17

Hemorrhage.

by pulling or ligating the arteries (up to 4)

Question 18

How do you minimize infection from dehorning?

what two diseases can it lead to?

Answer 18

avoid dehorning during fly season

acute or chronic sinusitis

Question 19

Sinusitis:

1. Which sinus is most often affected?
2. Why is this one most often affected?

Answer 19

1. Frontal

2. Because it extends into the horn at 4-6 months old

Question 20

Clinical signs of sinusitis

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Answer 20

1. nasal discharge
2. discharge from dehorning site
3. Facial distortion
4. Halitosis
5. Dull sinus percussion

Question 21

Sinusitis:

What bacteria is it if it is:

1. Associated with dehorning?
2. Not associated with dehorning?

Answer 21

1. Arcanobacterium pyogenes

2. Pastuerella multocida

Question 22

Sinusitis: Treatment:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer 22

1. Open drainage and lavage
2. Standing procedure with local anesthetic
3. Trephine holes in sinus
4. Lavage large volumes

Question 23

T/F: Tracheostomy is not an emergency procedure

Answer 23

F, it is

Question 24

Tracheostomy:

Incision where?

Answer 24

At junction of cranial and middle 1/3rd of neck

Question 25

Tracheostomy:

Incise the ____ after spliting the paired muscles

Answer 25

Annular ligament

Question 26

Tracheostomy:

Warning: Do not transect more than ___% of the the diameter of the trachea

Answer 26

50%