DPH Flashcards
What is health?
WHO 1948
A state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely absence of disease or infirmity
WHat is oral health?
a standard of health of the oral and related tissues which enable an individual to eat, speak and socialise without active disease, discomfort or embarrassment and contributes to general well being
DOH 1994
What is public health?
the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organised efforts of society
acheson 1998
What does the biomedical model of health place emphasis on?
the biological causes and manifestation of disease
it looks at understanding disease processes
who does the biomedical model of disease focus on?
individuals
Who controls the knoweldge and expertise in the biomedical model of health?
the medical profession
WHat are the limitations of the biomedical model?
ineffective and inefficient
inequality
inverse care law(resources in areas if least need)
Positively deleterious and specific aetiology
Define iatrogenic disease
an inadvertent effect or complication resulting from medical treatment
give an example of an iatrogenic disease?
wrong prescription
HAI (hospital acquired infections)
When and who made the alma ata declaration?
1978
WHO
Kazakstan
What was the purpose of the alma ata declaration?
to set an agenda for new public health
WHat were the five outcomes of the alma ata 1978?
FAMEC focus on prevention appropriate technology multi sectorial approach equitable distribution community particpiation
WHat is a public health problem?
prevalence of the condition
impact of the condition on an individual level
impacts on the wider society
condition is preventable and early treatment is more successful
effective treatments are available
Why are oral diseases public health problem?
they are highly prevalent high cost of treatment considerable impact on everyday life affect quality of life causes are known preventable diagnosis is easy easy to evaluate treatment treatment is relatively unseccesful
What does science refer to in the definition of public health?
Diagnosis of population oral health
Establish cause and effects
Plan interventions
What does art refer to in public health?
Create and use opportunities to implement effective solutions
When did the public health movement in Britain arise and why?
~150 yrs aga
Rapid industrialisation and urban squalor lead to appalling working and living conditions
Which public health act came into place to improve public health?
Public health act 1875
Focus in environmental conditions
What did the black report 1980 state?
Inequalities in health
Poorest have the highest death and ill rates and cannot be explained solely by income education mobility or lifestyles BUT due to lack of co-ordinate policy
What are the determinants of disease?
These are more visible at population level and are the upstream factors that influence the causes
What are the causes of disease?
More visible at the individual level
Follow the medical model where there is a recognised cause for the pathological process
What health inequalities exist in the UK?
62/66 major causes of death in men occur in lower social class 64/79 major causes if death in women occur in lower social class Child born into a lower social class is twice as likely to die before 15th birthday Men in higher social classes are likely to live 7 yrs longer than those in Lower
What are the changes affecting Practice of dentistry?
Epidemiological changes : caries, edentulousness
Demographic shifts: ageing population, mobility
Organisational change: NHS reforms Steele report
Professional development : CPD
Social changes: consumerism and expectation
Technology: new treatments and tests
