down syndrome Flashcards
in down syndrome how many copies are the 21st chromosome
3 copies
why is down syndrome called trisonomy 21
becuase there are 3 copies of the chromosome 21
what pediatric disorder is the most common cause of mental retardation
down syndrome
what are some risk factors for down syndrome
drug use
x-ray
hormone problems
what are the prediagnostic methods in pregnancy i.e how they diagnose down synd when youre still preg
triple and quadruple screening test
amniocentesis,, a needle biopsy from the amniotic fluid
cvs,,
what is the most accurate prediognostic method
cvs and amniocentesis
what are the types of down syndrome
trisonomy 21
translocation and mosaic down syndrome
what happens in the translocation type of down syndrome
there is an extra 21st chromosome attached to another chromosome
what happens in mosaic
there are some chromosomes with a total of 47 while some are 46 but the one with 47 has an extra pair of 21st chromosome
factors affecting gross motor development
hypotonia
ligament laxity
decrease in muscle strength
short arms and legs
in which pediatrci disorder is the simian line seen
down syndrome
some orthopedic disorders
kyphosis
posterior pelvic tilt
genu recurvatum
hip dislocation
at what age do children with down syndrome acheive motor development stage
ambulated at 24 months
what are some medical problems that can be seen
leukemia
dental problem
cognitive
hearing
respiratory
what do we evaluate in down syndrome
posture
compensation
stability
strength
what is the aim of the bms for DS
to score specific motor behaviours
shows developmental period btw 0-36 mnths
measures and scores specific movement disorders
valid and reliable measurement method
what is seen in the motor development disorders
dec musc tone
insuff co contractions
jont hypermob
dec proprio
aim of pt in DS
incre tone
incre msc strength
reduce -ve effect of hypotonia
to prevent spinal and other joint disordera
What are the main principles of the pt
facilitation
stimulation
communication
inhibition
why is the supine position okay for the baby
corrects abduction of the arm
stabilize the trunk
corrects leg hyperabduction
easy for arms and leg to work against gravity
why is side position good also
provides active momement of upper arm and leg
stabilize underlying body parts
prepares baby for rotation
activities to support motor development steps
head control
crawling
standing on knee
standing and walking
pt aims for children between the age of 0-2
increase the joint stability
reduce negative balance
provide child with good posture haibts
take precautions against posture disorders
pt aims for children over two years
incr speed and endurance
incr balance and endurance
prep for sports
what is the primary problem in the oral motor
hypotonia and protusion
oral therapy for the down syndrome patients
early introduction to solid food
exercises for tounge movemnt
adjust food consistency
kinesiology taping is especially applied for what
khyposis
planovalgus
