brachail plexus Flashcards
what is brachial plexus
a peripheral nerve network thats responsible for the sensory motor and sympathetic innervation of the upper extremities originating from the spinal cord
what veretbrae does the brachial pleux consist of
c5-t1
a type of paralysis mostly seen in one arm after the injury in the brachial plexus during injury
obstetric brachial plexus or OBPP
Some risk factors of the obpp
breech birth
overweight mother
use of assistive device during birth
4200-4500g birth weight
what is the cause of brachial plexus
compression of the shoulder in the pelvis which leads to damage of the brachail plexus
in the clinical condition what are the types of brachail pleuxs
upper bp ….duchenne …most common
upper middle bp
lower bp….klumpke…trauma or tumor
total bp….most serious
facts about the duchenne paralysis
c5-6 or 7 are affected
patient cant flex the arm and do shoulder abduction
facts about the klumpke
damage to c8-t1
mostly seen on medial side of the arm
rasp reflex is absent
sensory defect is seen
facts about horners syndrome
seen with damage to the upper cervical and sympathetic ganglia c8-t1
respiratory prob
weakness in hand muscle
miosis is seen
clinical symptoms of brachial plexus
elbow stays in extension
motionless arm
in postpatrum period the upper extremity is flask
some early signs of bp
inability to dress
discolouration
softness
cant make fist
what are the signs that the conservatice treatmnent is working
recovery within first 2 weeks
difficult to achieve this if the recovery isnt within 2 weeks
prognosis is good with isolated upper trunk lesions
some signs that the conservative treatment will fail
horners syndrome
dorsal scapula nerve involvement
total involvement
absence of elbow flexion
what can be considered an early reason for microsurgery
if the biceps takes more than 3 mnths to heal
and the biceps function do nor incraese within 3 mnths
what do we evaluate for the bp
rom
muscle strength
sensory evaluation
circumference
when evaluating rom what indicates th epresence of a contracture
passive movement doesnt complete and gets stuck in one point
the mallet classification is used for what
shoulder assessment
factors that affect mzllet classification scoring
muscle strength
⚫ joint contracture
⚫ bone deformity
⚫ neglect of the affected extremity
what lab exams are done
ultrasound and mri
why is the arm rested after birth for 2 weeks
edema and possible bleeding in the nerve
things that should be avoided
traction
lying on the affected side
passive shoulder joint
hanging the arm down and swinging it should be avoided while having the bath
what is the best ppsition for the baby
baby is supported under the arm and the arm is kept in extension
some conservative treatments
vojta
weight bearing
activities that increase rom
pnf
taping
in what case should the baby be obesrved from the 3rd month
babies without biceps function and third finger extension
what is the most important thing for the surgical treatment
correct timing and indication
who are the children that are reccomended tendon transfer and osteotomy
children over two who can cooperate wuth the pt and receive commands
tendon transfer increases what
external rotation
what is the aim of kinesioloy taping
increase hand function
