Dot Structures & VSEPR Flashcards
Hydrochloric Acid
HCI
HCl
Hydrochloric Acid
H2SO4
sulfuric acid
sulfuric acid
H2SO4
HNO3
nitric acid
nitric acid
HNO3
HC2H3O2
Acetic acid
Acetic Acid
HC2H3O2
Carbonic acid
H2CO3
H2CO3
carbonic acid
What is a lewis dot structure?
structural representation of a molecule where dots are used to show valence electron’s position around the atoms
What do the dot pairs/lines represent
covalent bonds
Rules to create a dot structure for a molecule
- Count valence electrons
2.Assign a central atom, usually atom with most avaliable bonds
3.Connect the 2 atomms
4.Finish octet around central atom
5.Even distribute electrons around the rest of the atoms
6.Move paris to complete octet for each atom - If there are more or less and 8 electrons, the exception will only be around the central atom
(Hydrogen only needs 2 dots)
What are domains or regions?
electron groups around the central atom
Bonding or shared domains
between central atom and the atom that are attached (bonded)
-single, double, and triple all count as 1 bonding domain
Nonbonding/ unshared/ lone pair
electrons that are off of the central atom that arent being shared with another atom
What element is never the central atom?
hydrogen
What is a resonance structure?
when there is more than one way to fulfill the octet rule
What is the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory
states that the geometric arrangement of atoms or groups of atoms around a central atom in a covalent compound r charged ion is determined solely by the repulsions between electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom
what is the VSEPR theory used for?
predicting the shape of the molecule
What is the purpose of a molecule’s shape?
to minimize the electron replusion between electrons
VSEPR Rules
1.draw lewis structure for the molecule
2.count total number of domains
3. Use reference sheet to find the shape
