Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Therapeutics I - Spring 2017 > Dosage Forms 2 - Exam 2 > Flashcards

Dosage Forms 2 - Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Types of medication errors in parenteral dosage form preparations

A
  • incorrect ingredients
  • incorrect strengths of ingredients
  • contamination of pathogens
  • contamination of pyrogens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most common error in making parenteral

A

wrong dose - from doc or pharmacist put in wrong amount

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

USP Chapters: if ____ 1000 - it is enforceable

A

under

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

USP Chapters: if it is ____ 1000 - it is a recommendation

A

over

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

USP 797 is talks about what standards?

A

pharmaceutical compounding - sterile preparations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

parenteral products involve all types of what products?

A

injectable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are REQUIREMENTS for parenteral products

A

sterile; pyrogen free; particle free

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Administration of parenteral products bypass what?

A

the body’s natural defense barriers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are REQUIREMENTS for all dosage forms

A

have the right potency; is properly labeled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

From USP 797 - specifically avoid
1 - ________ contamination
2- Excessive __________
3- Variability in the intended strength of correct ingredients
4- Unintended chemical and physical __________
5- Ingredients of inappropriate ______

A

microbial; bacterial endotoxins; contaminants; quality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ways to achieve sterilization

A

steam; filtration; dry heat; gas; irradiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are pyrogens

A

bacterial endotoxins - cause fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Does sterilization eliminate pyrogens

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where do pyrogens come from

A

they are remnants of microorganism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Septicemia vs Septic Shock

A

septicemia - infection of the blood

septic shock - acute reaction to bacterial endotoxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

why do you want sterile preparations to be particle free/ what can particles cause

A
  • Foreign particles can trigger immune response
  • Can produce damage to the lungs
  • Can produce damage to the kidneys
  • Can and have killed people
17
Q

Types of Parenteral Products

  • _________ or _______ ready for injection
  • Dry, soluble preparations ready to be combined with a ______ or ______before use
  • ________
  • Liquid concentrates ready for _____ prior to administration
A

solutions; suspensions; solvent ; vehicle; emulsions; dilution

18
Q

Large Volume Parenteral (LVP) vs Small Volume Parenteral

A

large - single dose injection packaged in a container containing over 100 mL
small - less than 100 mL

19
Q

what is the preferred vehicle

A

water

20
Q

which vehicle is the most common

A

water

21
Q

what are vehicles

A

Solvents or mediums for the administration of therapeutic agents

22
Q

what type of water should be used for parenteral products

A

SWFI - sterile water for injection

23
Q

Bacteriostatic water for injection vs Sterile water for injection

A

bacteriotstatic has an added antibacterial

24
Q

what kind of water should NEVER be directly injected into blood stream and why

A

PLAIN water (like SWFI) because it is hypotonic af/will cause hemolysis

25
Q

Parenteral Products vs IntraSpinal Injections - what they have in common and what they dont:

A

in common: Is sterile; free of particle; free of pyrogens

different because intraspinal is isotonic, has physiological pH; no preservatives
(parenteral products - may be isotonic and may be of physiological pH)

26
Q

Common aqueous isotonic vehicles

A

D5W; NS; Bacteriostatic NaCl injection; Ringer’s solution

27
Q

Components of parenteral products vehicles

-water miscible solvents/cosolvents examples

A

alcohol; PEG; PG

28
Q

Components of parenteral products vehicles
-water miscible solvents/cosolvents
is used for? and
is often used to do what?

A

for intramuscular injection

used to solubilize drugs

29
Q

why are different cosolvents used at different concentrations?

A

because of their hemolytic potential

30
Q

Rules about injecting oil into blood

A

Oil emulsion is OK!

straight oil/ oil vehicle is a hell no

31
Q

Types of pH buffers

A

citrates; acetates; phosphates;

32
Q

When using pH buffers - use a ____ concentration

A

low

33
Q

Phosphate and ________ can be a awful combination - because precipitation

A

calcium

34
Q

If the parenteral product is not close to physiological pH - then how should you give the product?

A

small volume/ slowly/ into central vein

35
Q

which container should be used/which type is best

A

Glass - Type I

36
Q

how many different types of glass?

A

types 1, 2, 3

37
Q

what is gauge of needle?

A

refers to diameter of the bore -

38
Q

if the gauge is a larger number = ______ bore size

A

smaller

Therapeutics I - Spring 2017 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions