Dosage Forms

Question 1

chewable

Answer 1

nicely flavored, useful for children

Question 2

enteric-coated (EC)

Answer 2

coated to prevent acid destruction in the stomach

Question 3

sublingual

Answer 3

to be taken under the tongue

Question 4

buccal

Answer 4

to be taken inside the cheek

Question 5

film-coated

Answer 5

added protection, either from the sun, or to mask the taste

Question 6

effervescent

Answer 6

granules dissolved in liquid to release carbon dioxide

Question 7

pellets

Answer 7

implanted beneath the skin to prolong continuous drug absorption

Question 8

vaginal

Answer 8

inserted into the vagina to directly release drug to site of action

Question 9

what is the most popular dosage form prescribed by pharmacies

Answer 9

tablets

Question 10

2 types of capsules

Answer 10

hard shelled and soft shelled

Question 11

what do hard shelled capsules contain?

Answer 11

powder or powder like content.
a smaller diameter half is filled and secured into a larger one

Question 12

what do soft shelled capsules contain?

Answer 12

oils or active ingredients that have been suspended or dissolved in oils

Question 13

what size of capsules is too large to be taken by patients

Answer 13

000

Question 14

where are suppositories applied?

Answer 14

rectum, vagina, or urethral tract

Question 15

suppositories are also known as?

Answer 15

inserts

Question 16

what is the name of the active ingredient in suppositories?

Answer 16

suppositories base
ex: polyethylene glycol, cocoa butter, hydrogels, glycerinated gelatin

Question 17

3 types of liquid dosage forms

Answer 17

suspensions, solutions, emulsions

Question 18

active ingredient in liquid formulation is dispersed through a …

Answer 18

vehicle
vehicle could be sugar based (child’s cough med)

Question 19

2 parts to solution medications?

Answer 19

solutes (dissolved medicines)
solvent (liquid vehicle)

Question 20

what is the solvent for aqueous solutions

Answer 20

water

Question 21

enemas

Answer 21

solutions introduced to the rectum to empty the bowel

Question 22

sprays

Answer 22

solutions administered in spray form against the mucous membranes of the nose or throat

Question 23

injections

Answer 23

sterile solutions that can be administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously

Question 24

washes

Answer 24

solutions such as mouthwashes, designated to cleanse a part of the body

Question 25

gargles

Answer 25

solutions designed to treat diseases that impact the throat

Question 26

irrigations

Answer 26

solutions designed to wash the urinary bladder, eyes, or open wounds

Question 27

douches

Answer 27

solutions administered to a body cavity to disinfect or remove debris

Question 28

what do thicker aqueous solutions include?

Answer 28

syrups - mixture of sugar solution and drug

Question 29

what are the two primary kinds of non-aqueous solutions?

Answer 29

hydro-alcoholic
alcoholic

Question 30

hydro-alcoholic contains?

Answer 30

water and alcohol (elixirs and tinctures)

Question 31

elixirs

Answer 31

sweetened hydro-alcoholic solutions that taste good, are stable, and are easy to prepare.

Question 32

what is the concentration of alcohol in elixirs

Answer 32

between 3% and 25%

Question 33

what is the alcohol level of tinctures

Answer 33

typically between 25% and 60%
(can also be higher)

Question 34

liquid solutions that have insoluble matter dispersed throughout the vehicle

Answer 34

suspensions and emulsions

Question 35

drugs that readily dissolve in a vehicle have

Answer 35

high solubility

Question 36

are suspensions high or low in solubility? why?

Answer 36

low because they fail to dissolve in the vehicle.

Question 37

what are emulsions

Answer 37

two kinds of liquid that do not usually mix (like oil and water)

Question 38

what keeps the 2 mixes together in an emulsion?

Answer 38

emulsifying agent

Question 39

semisolid dosage forms

Answer 39

not sufficiently solid nor sufficiently liquid

Question 40

examples of semisolid dosage forms?

Answer 40

ointments, creams, pastes, and gels

Question 41

what is the difference between ointments and creams?

Answer 41

ointments have a higher degree of oil base, whereas creams have a higher degree of water

Question 42

aerosols

Answer 42

form of suspension in which fine drug particles (can be either liquid or solid) being dispersed through a gas propellant

Question 43

three elements of an aerosol

Answer 43

product, container, and propellant

Question 44

aerosols are pressured through?

Answer 44

gas propellant which releases contents through a valve assembly

Question 45

what should you keep aerosols away from?

Answer 45

heat

Question 46

metered-dose inhalers (MDIs)

Answer 46

are used to treat asthma

Question 47

examples of MDIs

Answer 47

albuterol and ventolin

Question 48

four kinds of injectable dosage forms

Answer 48

vials, ampoules, pre-filled syringes, premix infusion bags

Question 49

what is the range of vial size

Answer 49

1-50 mL

Question 50

what information is contained with vials?

Answer 50

concentration, stability, use directions, expiration date, and lot number

Question 51

vials also come in

Answer 51

powder formulation
diluent must be added to the vial to reconstitute

Question 52

ampules

Answer 52

self-enclosed glass containers that contain sterile drugs for injections

Question 53

why is a filter needle used in ampules

Answer 53

allow the drug into the syringe, eliminating all particulates larger than 0.5 microns

Question 54

contain drug concentration and so come ready to be administered to the patient

Answer 54

prefilled syringes and premix infusion bags

Question 55

extended release dosage forms

Answer 55

release drug over a prolonged period (typically between 8 and 24 hours)..some may be longer

Question 56

example of extended release dosage forms

Answer 56

duragesic – its ingredient is fentanyl and is transdermal