Doping and drugs Flashcards
What are ethics?
Rules that dictate an individuals conduct. They form a system of rules upon which groups and societies are judged.
Define deviance
Unacceptable behaviour within a culture.
Any behaviour that differs from the perceived social or legal normal is seen as deviant.
Give examples of deviance
Blood doping
Illegal consumption of performance enhancing drugs
What do human growth hormones do?
Increases bone, muscle and cartilage growth. Occurs naturally in the body.
Improved power and strength.
What do anabolic steroids do?
Form of testosterone which stimulates muscle growth and increased aggression.
It can increase muscle mass.
Increase recovery and repair.
Generally used for power but can also be used by any athlete to aid recovery
What do beta blockers do?
Control the heart rate
Act to calm nerves and steady the heartbeat.
Used in sports where fine motor skills are required
What does EPO do?
Taking a synthetic version of this hormone stimulates production of new red blood cells and therefore oxygen carrying capacity.
Improves endurance
What do diuretics do?
Results in rapid weight loss by increasing the amount of water expelled from the body through urine.
Also acts as a masking agent to help either flush illegal drugs out of the system or dilute them before drug testing
What does blood doping involve?
1) the athlete ‘donates’ a pint of their own blood
2) the blood is placed in a tube in a centrifuge where it spins around at high speeds
3) the red blood cells, which carry oxygen, are forced to the bottom of the tube
4) the liquid part of the blood is drawn off from the top of the tube and reinjected into the athlete
5) the red blood cells are stored
6) a day or so before the competition the stored RBC are reinjected into the athlete
What are the affects of blood doping?
More RBC = high volumes of haemoglobin = increased volume of oxygen to working muscles
Endurance performance
Allows higher levels of performance
What does creatine do?
Improves recovery of ATP/PC energy system
What does caffeine do?
Helps athletes train harder and longer.
Clearer thinking and greater concentration
What does bicarbonate do?
Helps to buffer the effects of lactic acid
What does carbohydrate replenishment do?
Aid energy replenishment
What does glucosamine do?
Maintain cartilage
