Dopamine Flashcards by ELLEN MCCLOY SMITH | Brainscape

Q

Source

A

Tyrosine==> l-dopa==> dopamine

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Q

Rate limiting step

A

tyrosine hydroxylase

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Q

Breakdown enzymes

A

monoamine oxidase (MAO) and Catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT)
MAO-A selectively metabolises norepinephrine and serotonin
MAO-B more selectively metabolises dopamine

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Q

Breakdown product

A

-Homovanillic acid

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Q

Reuptake

A

Dopamine transported

- cocaine inhibits this transporter

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Q

Function

A

-motivation, novelty seeking, reward circuitry, arousal and motor movement in basal ganglia

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Q

Receptors

A

5 types D1-5
all G protein coupled
D1-like= D1 and D5- increase adenylate cyclase (stimulatory)
D1 is post-synaptic and resistant to antagonism
D5 is more limbic in distribution and has 10x higher dopamine affinity
D2 like= D2,3&4- decrease adenylate cyclase (inhibitory)
D4 is in the frontal cortex and clozapine has a high affinity
D4 selective antagonists do not have antipsychotic efficacy

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Q

Disorders

A

low level in Parkinson’s
high is psychosis especially at mesolimbic area
may be low in anhedonia and negative symptoms in mesocortical area

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