DONOR SCREENING Flashcards
GOVERNING AGENCIES
(4 - intl)
(2 - local)
Association for the Advancement of
Blood & Biotherapies
Food and Drugs Administration
College of American Pathologists
Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute
DOH
NATIONAL VOLUNTARY BLOOD SERVICES PROGRAM
DONOR SCREENING
GOALS (2)
Protect the health of the potential donor
Protect the health of the potential recipient
DONOR SCREENING
3 STEPS
Registration
Health History Interview
Physical Examination
DONOR SCREENING
• Documenting information for donor’s identity
• Prevent collection from an unqualified donor
• Contact information for test results or other relevant info
REGISTRATION
REGISTRATION
Donation records include the following: (5)
• Donor’s full name
• Permanent address/contact info
• Date of Birth (Age: 16 - 65)
• Gender
• Date of last donation
REGISTRATION
Additional information:
• Unique identification number
• Positive Identification: Photo
• Race
• Intend use of donation
REGISTRATION
• All prospective donors must be given _____describing the donation process and donor eligibility
• Information about risks of_____ transmitted by blood transfusion
• Communication material must be available for donors not fluent in English or have hearing/vision impaired
educational materials
infectious diseases
DONOR SCREENING
HEALTH HISTORY INTERVIEW
2 categories:
- Could determine the…
• Questions intended to protect the donor
• Questions intended to protect the patient
deferral status of the donor
- Could determine the deferral status of the donor
HEALTH HISTORY INTERVIEW
DONOR CATEGORIES (3)
Allogeneic
Autologous
Recipient Specific Directed donation
terms used for blood donated by individuals for anyone’s use
“Allogeneic”, “homologous”
and “random donor”
•: donate blood for your own use only
Autologous
• donor called in because blood/blood product is needed for a specific patient
Recipient Specific Directed donation
Three types of deferrals:
Temporary
Indefinite
Permanent
• prospective donor is unable to donate blood for a limited period of time.
Temporary deferral
• Prospective donor is unable to donate blood for someone else for an unspecified period of time due to current regulatory requirements.
Indefinite deferral
Prospective donor will never be eligible to donate blood for someone else.
Permanent deferral
PHYSICAL EXAM
General Appearance:
Weight:
Appears Healthy
> 50kg or 110 lbs
PHYSICAL EXAM
Hematocrit:
• Allogeneic donor:
• Women:
• Men:
• Autologous donor:
> 38%
39%
> 33%
PHYSICAL EXAM
Hemoglobin:
• Allogeneic donor:
Women:
Men:
• Autologous donor:
> 12.5 g/dL
> 13.0 g/dL
> 11.0 g/dL
PHYSICAL EXAM
Temperature: <
37.5°C/99°F
PHYSICAL EXAM
Blood Pressure:
• Systolic:
• Diastolic:
<180 mmHg
<100 mmHg
PHYSICAL EXAM
• Pulse Rate:______
Athlete donors =_____
50-100 bpm
<50 bpm is acceptable
INFORMED CONSENT
•________ mandate that informed consent of allogeneic, autologous, and apheresis donors
be obtained before donation.
AABB Standards
• Understanding of all the donor information presented
• Additional questions
• Blood tests
• Notified if testing indicates that the blood presents a risk of transmitting disease
• Used for other purposes
INFORMED CONSENT
BLOOD COLLECTION
• The phlebotomist should confirm the ______ of the donor before beginning venipuncture
• Inspects the antecubital area of both arms of the donor
IDENTIFICATION n
Identity
BLOOD COLLECTION
BAG LABELLING
Primary Bag
Satellite Bags
Sample Tubes
Donor Registration Form
ARM PREPARATION
• Two solutions for disinfecting venipuncture site:
lodophor
10% povidone-iodine
• Needle gauge:
• Usual donation time:
16-17
8-12 minutes
*More than 15 minutes: This is unsuitable for prep of (3)
platelets
Fresh frozen plasma
CRYO
BLOOD COLLECTION
• DONOR REACTIONS (3)
Mild
Moderate
Severe
• Mild Reactions
Syncope
nausea
hyperventilation
twitching
muscle spasm
• Moderate Reactions
Mild reactions and
loss of consciousness
• Severe Reaction
Moderate reactions and convulsions
TREATMENT for
Weakness, sweating, dizziness, pallor, nausea, vomiting
• Remove needle and tourniquet;
• elevate legs above head;
• apply cold compress from back to the neck
TREATMENT for
Syncope
• Cold compresses on back of neck
TREATMENT for
Twitching, muscle spasms
• Have donor cough
TREATMENT for
Hematoma
• Apply pressure 7-10 minutes;
• apply ice for 5 mins.
TREATMENT for
Convulsions
• Call for help;
• ensure donors airways are free
TREATMENT for
Cardiac difficulties
• Call for emergency help
POST DONATION
• Avoid smoking for_______; avoid alcohol until______
• Drink more fluids for the next___
• If dizziness or fainting occurs,_____
• Inform the blood center if any symptoms persist
30 minutes; something has been eaten
4 hours
lie down or sit with the head between the knees
must be retained by the blood collection facility as mandated by the FDA and AABB.
• Donor records
• There must be a system to ensure that the donor’s confidentiality is not compromised and that donor records are not altered.
• There must be policies on record-keeping and storage, and the blood bank staff should be well-trained on these policies and procedures.
DONOR RECORDS
Retention of Donor Records (5 years)
Medical director approval for donation interval
DONOR PROCESSING
CATEGORIES (2)
Immunohematologic Testings
Infectious Disease Screening
DONOR PROCESSING
CATEGORIES
Immunohematologic Testings
• ABO and D Typing
• Antibody Screen
DONOR PROCESSING
CATEGORIES
Infectious Disease Screening
• Syphilis
• Hepatitis Virus
• HIV
Others
DONOR PROCESSING: IMMUNOHEMATOLOGIC TESTS
ABO/Rh
• Methods: (4)
• Tube
• Microplate
• Solid Phase Adherence
• Gel Test
• Any _____ and _____discrepancies
should be resolved before labeling the donor unit
ABO and D typing
DONOR PROCESSING: IMMUNOHEMATOLOGIC TESTS
ANTIBODY SCREEN
• Detects unexpected antibodies in the_____
• Most important abs detected are those produced_____
donor’s plasma
after transfusion or pregnancy
• If clinically significant antibodies are
present:
• _______ and_______are not used for transfusion
• If used,_____ is required on the label of the component
PLASMA and PLATELETS
Ab interpretation
