Domestic abuse Flashcards
What is domestic abuse
Any form of physical, verbal, sexual, psychological or financial abuse from a partner/ ex partner
What are the different types of domestic abuse
Situational couple violence-fighting
Coercive and controlling behaviour-violence
Physical
Emotional
Verbal
Sexual
Financial (controlled access to money- difficult to escape)
What is the domestic abuse act 2018
Created a specific criminal offence of domestic abuse
Recognises can be over a period of time
Criminalises coercive and controlling behaviour
What is the prevelenceof domestic abuse in Scotland
Affects 1 in 5 women at some point in their lives and up top 1 in 6 men.
60,000 cases reported annually (however many cases unreported)
Where is the most common place for domestic abuse to take place
In a private residence
What is gender based violence
Violence based against a person on the basis of gender
Reflects and reinforces inequalities between men and women
Eg. Rape and sexual assault, sexual harassment, stalking, coerced marriage, trafficking and sexual exploitation
What is coercive control behaviour
A pattern of behaviour
Aim to isolate victim
Degradation of victim
Micro-regulation of all aspects of life (money, clothes, surveillance)
Abusers are often charming to everyone else which serves to increase the isolation
Who is most at risk of domestic abuse
Age 16-24 (f), 16-19 (m)
Long term illness/ disability
Mental health problems
Pregnancy (elevation during pregnancy)
Elevated risk at time of separation from partner
What are the health consequences
Fatal- suicide, murder
Non fatal- physical harm, reproductive health, mental health, chronic conditions (TMJ etc), health harming behaviours (drinking, smoking, drugs).
How many women were killed by a partner in UK in 2018
80
How many children were murdered by their parents in 2007?
33
What are some effects of physical harm on children?
Anxiety/ depression
Sleeping issues, nightmares
Heightened startle response
Physical symptoms
Behavioural issues
Health harming behaviours
Low sense of self worth/ feel guilty
Truanting
What is ACE
Adverse childhood events
Abuse, neglect, household dysfunction
4 or more- more likely to have medical issues, be involved in violence, binge drink
This is a factor but can be overcome by resilience
How many attempts does it take for someone to leave an abusive relationship?
6-7
How to recognise abuse?
Low self-esteem
Anxiety
Constant communication with partner if not present
If partner present, they may do all the talking
Alcohol
May insist on female clinician
Missed or frequent appointments
Some of these things may be for other reasons