Domain 2: Assessment

Question 1

Pronation Distortion Syndrome - Shortened Muscles

Greta Said Pastries Aren’t In Hot Buns

Answer 1

Greta - gastrocnemius
Said - soleus
Pastries - peroneals (lateral part of lower leg)
Aren’t - adductors
In - illiotibial (IT) band
Hot - hip flexor complex
Buns - biceps femoris (short head - lateral part of quad)

Question 2

Pronation Distortion Syndrome - Lengthened Muscles

A Pig Gulps Grapes

Answer 2

A - anterior tibialis (medial part of lower leg)
Pig - posterior tibialis
Gulps - gluteus maximus
Grapes - gluteus medius

Question 3

Lower Crossed Syndrome - Shortened Muscles

Good Socks Aren’t Hard Like Ellipticals

Answer 3

Good - gastrocnemius
Socks - soleus
Aren't - adductors
Hard - hip flexor complex
Like - latissimus dorsi
Ellipticals - erector spinae

Question 4

Lower Crossed Syndrome - Lengthened Muscles

Apple Pie Gets Great Tit Images

Answer 4

Apple - anterior tibialis
Pie - posterior tibialis
Gets - gluteus maximus
Great - gluteus medius
Tit - transverse abdominis
Images - internal obliques

Question 5

Upper Crossed Syndrome - Shortened Muscles

Under Low Soggy Stumps Lives Turtles Sucking Pops

Answer 5

Under - upper trapezius (superficial upper back)
Low - levator scapulae (lateral neck)
Soggy - sternocleidomastoid (lrg. lateral neck)
Stumps - scalenes (sm. lateral neck)
Lives - latissimus dorsi (middle lower back)
Turtles - teres major
Sucking - subscapularis (muscles attached to scapula)
Pops - pectoralis major + minor (superficial and deep pec)

Question 6

Upper Crossed Syndrome - Lengthened Muscles

Dolphins Sing Really Muffled Like Turtle Infants

Answer 6

Dolphins - deep cervical flexors (anterior neck)
Sing - serratus anterior (under armpits)
Really - rhomboids (upper back, connect to spine)
Muffled - middle trapezius (superficial middle back)
Like - lower trapezius
Turtle - teres minor (back of shoulder)
Infants - infraspinatus (back of shoulder)

Question 7

PAR-Q (subjective)

Answer 7

Physical activity readiness questionnaire - identifies if medical attention is needed first

Question 8

Other (subjective)

Answer 8

family/medical history, occupation, personal

Question 9

Cardiorespiratory Assessments

Answer 9

1. YMCA 3-minute: assigns proper HR zone
   - steps with recording recovery pulse
2. Rockport Walk Test: assigns proper HR zone
   - walk 1 mile and equation

Question 10

Physiological Assessment

Answer 10

Heart rate (zones for ages) and blood pressure (120/90)

Question 11

Static Postural Assessment

Answer 11

Viewing 5 kinetic checkpoints by just standing in a normal position. Look for pronation distortion syndrome, upper/lower cross syndrome

Question 12

Adjacent Professionals Assessment

Answer 12

Cholesterol <200

Question 13

Body Composition Assessments

Answer 13

1. Skin fold - 4 areas, subcutaneous fat
2. Bioelectrical - estimates fat content
3. Waist to hip - obesity related disease
4. BMI - weight to height

Question 14

Dynamic Postural Assessments

Answer 14

1. Overhead Squat
2. Single Leg Squat
3. Pushing Assessment
4. Pulling Assessment
5. Gait Assessment

Question 15

Performance Assessments

Answer 15

1. Davies Test - assesses upper extremity stability and agility
2. Shark Skill Test - assesses lower extremity agility and neuromuscular control
3. Bench Press Test - estimates 1-rep max, upper body maximal strength
4. Squat Test - estimates 1-rep max, lower body maximal strength
5. Push-Up Test - assess upper body extremity muscular endurance
6. LEFT Test - assess agility, acceleration, deceleration, and neuromuscular control

Question 16

Agility

Answer 16

Ability to move quick and easy

Question 17

Flexibility vs. Mobility

Answer 17

Flexibility - passive movement of a muscle or muscle group, you may or may not have control over.

Mobility - the ability of a joint to actively move through a ROM, you have control over.

Question 18

Muscular endurance

Answer 18

when a muscle or group of muscles sustain repeated contractions against resistance for an extended period.

Question 19

Flexibility

Answer 19

extensibilty of all soft tissues allowing the full range of motion of a joint

Question 20

Extensiblity

Answer 20

capability to be elongated or stretched

Question 21

Dynamic Range of Motion

Answer 21

combination of flexibility and the nervous systems ability to control

Question 22

Neuromuscular Efficiency

Answer 22

Ability of the neuromuscular system to allow agonists, antagonists, and stabilizers to work synergistically to produce, reduce, and dynamically stabilize the entire kinetic chain in all three plane of motion.

Question 23

Postural Distortion Patterns

Answer 23

Predictable patterns of muscles imbalances

Question 24

Relative Flexibility

Answer 24

Tendency for the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns

Question 25

Muscle Imbalance

Answer 25

Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint

Question 26

Reciprocal Inhibition

Answer 26

Altered reciprocal inhibition is caused by an overactive (tight) muscle decreasing neural drive to its functional antagonist. This reduces the force output capabilities of the underactive muscles on the other side of the joint.

Question 27

Altered Reciprocal Inhibition

Answer 27

Tight agonist that inhibits functional antagonist

Question 28

Synergistic Dominance

Answer 28

occurs when an inappropriate muscles takes over the function of a weak or inhibited prime mover

Question 29

Autogenic Inhibition

Answer 29

When the relaxation signals initiated by the GTO are greater than the spindle’s signals asking the muscle to contract, autogenic inhibition
is occurring.

Question 30

Static Stretching

Answer 30

Passively taking a muscle to the point of tension and holding the stretch for a minimum of 30 sec

Question 31

Active-isolated Stretching

Answer 31

Process of using agonists and synergists to dynamically move the join into a range of motion

Question 32

Dynamic Stretching

Answer 32

Active extensions of muscle