Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NASM CPT > Domain 1: Basic and Applied Sciences and Nutritional Concepts > Flashcards

Domain 1: Basic and Applied Sciences and Nutritional Concepts Flashcards

Don't stress about memorizing muscle actions! Maximum of 2 questions as well as insertion and origin. Tip: Spend time memorizing what the gastrocnemius does.

1
Q

Obesity

A

Body mass index of 30 or greater or at least 30 lbs. over the recommended weight for their height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Overweight

A

Body mass index of 25-29.9 or between 25-30 lbs . over the recommended weight for their height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Blood Lipids

A

AKA cholesterol or triglycerides. Carried in the bloodstream by protein moles known as HDL and LDL (density lipoproteins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diabetes Mellitus

A

Insulin deficiency that impairs carb usage and enhances usage of fat and protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Deconditioned

A

Loss of physical fitness - muscle imbalances, decreased flexibility, and lack of core / joint stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Proprioception

A

Cumulative sensory input to the CNS from all mechanoreceptors that sense body position and limb movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Proprioceptively Enriched Environments

A

Unstable but controllable physical situation in which exercises are performed that cause the body to use its internal balance and stabilization mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Muscular Endurance

A

Muscles ability to contract for an extended period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Neuromuscular Efficiency

A

Ability of the neuromusclar system to enable all muscles to efficiently work together in all planes of motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Prime Mover

A

Muscle that acts as the initial and main source of motive power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Rate of Force Production

A

Ability of muscles to exert maximal force output in a minimal amount of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ligaments

A

Primary connective tissue that connections bone to bone and provides stability.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Epimysium

A

Later if connective tissue that is underneath the fascia and surrounds the muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tendons

A

Connective tissue that attaches muscles to bone and provide an anchor for muscles to produce force.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sarcomere

A

Functional unit of muscle that produces muscular contraction and consists of spearing sections of actin and myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Agonist

A

Prime mover

Squat- gluteus maximus, quadriceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Synergist

A

Assist prime mover

Squat- hamstring complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Nervous System

A

Communication network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain and spinal cord; controls and interprets info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Only nerves and connects the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 3 Main Functions of the Nervous System?

A

Sensory, Integrative, and Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sensory Function of Nervous System

A

senses changes in internal or external environment ; stretching (internal) and walking from street to curb (external)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Integrative Function of Nervous System

A

analyze and interpret sensory info to allow for proper decision making for appropriate response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Motor Function of Nervous System

A

neuromusclar (nervous and muscular systems) response to sensory information; ex (causing a muscle to contract when stretching too far or changing walking pattern when walking from pavement to sand)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Sensory receptors responsible for sensing distortion in body tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Muscle Spindles

A

Sense muscular length - activation will cause muscles to tense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Golgi Tendon Organs

A

Sense muscular tension - activation will cause muscles to relax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Stabilizer

A

Stabilize prime mover while prime mover and synergies move together

Squat- transverse abdominis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Antagonist

A

Oppose prime mover

Squat- psoas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Insulin

A

Stored in the pancreas. Released to bind to glucose to make cell membranes permeable to glucose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Glucagon

A

Raises blood glucose (opposite of insulin). It triggers the release of glycogen stores from the liver.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What makes up the cardiovascular system?

A

heart, blood, blood vessels

33
Q

What is the typical resting heart rate? (for an untrained adult)

34
Q

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

A

Special area of cardiac tissue that initiates electrical impulses that determine heart rate (pacemaker of the heart)

35
Q

Stroke Volume (SV)

A

Amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction

36
Q

3 functions of Blood

A

Transport, Regulate, and Protect

37
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from the heart

38
Q

Capillaires

A

Site of exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and tissues

39
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood back to the heart

40
Q

Cardiac Output

A

BPM (beats per minute) and SV (stroke volume)

41
Q

Muscle involved with inspiration (inhalation)

42
Q

Muscles involved with expiration (exhalation)

43
Q

Bioenergetics

A

The study of how energy is transformed through various biochemical reactions

44
Q

Metabolism

A

All chemical reactions that occur in the body to maintain itself

45
Q

Substrates

A

What proteins, carbohydrates and lipids (fats) have to break down to in order to be used for energy

46
Q

Substrate form of Fat

A

Triglycerides (stored in fat cells)

47
Q

Substrate form of Carbohydrates

A

Glucose and stored as glycogen (stored in liver and muscle cells)

48
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

During negative energy balance (low calorie) amino acids are used to assist in energy production. Formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources, such as amino acids.

49
Q

Kinetic (?) Chain (?)

A

Motion - Linked (The 3 systems responsible for human movement)

50
Q

ATP-PC (adenosine tripohsphate-phosphocreatine)

A

Energy system responsible for providing nearly instant ATP at the onset of any activity

51
Q

Superior

A

above point of reference

52
Q

Inferior

A

below point of reference

53
Q

Proximal

A

nearest to a point of reference

54
Q

Distal

A

farthest from a point of reference

55
Q

Anterior

A

front of body

56
Q

Posterior

A

back of body

57
Q

Medial

A

closer to midline

58
Q

Lateral

A

farther from midline

59
Q

Contralateral

A

opposite side of body

60
Q

Ipsilateral

A

same side of body

61
Q

Frontal Plane

A

side to side - side lunge/shuffle

62
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

front to back - bicep curl/squat

63
Q

Transverse Plane

A

midline - throwing/swinging

64
Q

Concentric

A

muscle shortens

65
Q

Eccentric

A

muscle lengthens

66
Q

Isometric

A

no change in muscle length

67
Q

Altered Reciprocal Inhibition

A

muscle inhibition caused by a tight agonist which inhibits its functional antagonist

68
Q

Synergistic Dominance

A

synergist takes over function for a weak or inhibited prime mover (agonist)

69
Q

Muscle Imbalance

A

alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint

70
Q

OPT Model: Stabilization

A

ability to maintain postural equilibrium and support joints during movement

71
Q

OPT Model: Strength

A

ability of the neuromusclar system to produce internal tension to overcome an external force

72
Q

OPT Model: Strength 1. strength endurance

A

muscles’ ability to contract for an extended period

73
Q

OPT Model: Strength 2. hypertrophy

A

enlargement of skeletal muscle fibers from resistance training

74
Q

OPT Model: Strength 3. maximal strength

A

largest force a muscle can produce in a single voluntary effort

75
Q

OPT Model: Power

A

ability to produce the greatest force in the shortest time

76
Q

Origin

A

medial connection point (closest to the center of the body)

77
Q

Insertion

A

distal connection point (furthest from the center of the body)

78
Q

Force Couple

A

muscle groups moving together to produce movement around a joint

NASM CPT (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions