Domain 2 Flashcards
Life Science
what are the types of plant groups?
algae
fungi
ferns
gymnosperms
angiosperms
what are ferns?
plants that reproduve via spores
what are gymnosperms?
cone-bearing plants
what are angiosperms?
flowering plans with seeds within fruits
what is an ovule?
the female reproductive cells
what is photosynthesis?
a metabolic pathway conversing light enery to chemical energy
what do plants do in photosynthesis?
use the engery in sunlight and convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars and release oxygen
which organisms are one celled?
bacteria
what are the sbudivision sof the cell?
membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
what is the cell membrane?
semi-permeable layer
what is included in the cytoplasm?
centrosome
robosomes
vauole
Golgi body
mitochondrion
what does the centrosome do?
cell diviision
what do ribosomes do?
contruct proteins
what do mitochondria?
conduct metabolism?
what do golgi bodies do?
secretion
what do vacuoles do?
digestion
what is inside the cell nucleus?
cubeoli, chromosoms, and neuclear membrane
what does the cytoplasm of plant cells include?
plastids
what are plastids?
chlorophyll that carry out photosynthesis
what is the nucleus?
majority of genetic informaiton that controls th cell’s growth and reproduction
how is the nucleus organized?
long and linear DNA modules with proteins to form chromosomes
what is the cell’s nuclear genome?
genes within the chromosomes
what is the function of the nucleus?
maintain the integrity of genes and regulating gene expression
what are chloroplasts?
organelles to conduct photosyntehesis
what do chloroplasts do?
absorb light and use it with water and carbon dioacide to produce sugars for energy
what is the mitochondria?
generates adenosine triphosphate for chemical energy
signals cellular differentiation and death
controls cell cycle and death
what is digestion?
the breakign down of food into chemicals to be absorbed
what are carbohydrates converted into?
sugars
what are fats trasnnformed into?
glycerol and fatty acids
what are proteins turned into?
broken apart into amino acids
what happens to the products of digestion?
absorbed into the bloodstrem through the lining of the small intestine
what happens once the bloodstream absorbs the products of digestion?
metabolized in the various body tissues
where does majority of digestion and absorption occur?
small intestine
what is the circulatory system?
an organ system that obes nutrients, gases, and wastes to form cells, fight diseases, and maintain homeostasis
what are the main componsents of the human circulatory system?
heart
blood
blood oxygenated
systemic circulation
what does blood consist of?
plasma
red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets
how does the digestive system work with the circulatory system?
provide the nutrients the system needs to keep the heart pumping
what do red blood cells do?
transport oxygen in combination iwth iron pigments, hemoglobin
what do white blood cells do?
fight infection
initiate blotting
what does the lymphativ system consist of?
lymph
lymph nodes
lymph vessels
what makes up the circulatory system?
cardiovascular system
lymphatic system
what are the four chambers of the heart?
right atrium
right ventricle
left atrium
left ventricle
what does the respiratory system do?
allow for gas exchange
what does the sensory system do?
initiate nerve impulses after being affected
how do the eyes function?
light rays are refracts
focus on retina to form image
optic nerve carries impulse to brain
what do light rays refract through?
cornea
lens
vitreous body
what does the nervous system consist of?
brain
spinal cord
peripheral nerves
what is the functional unit of the nervous system?
neurons
what do dendrites do?
receive and carry electrical impulses to cell body
what do axons do?
send out impuses
what are the major parts of the human brain?
cerebellum
occipital lobe
parietal lob
frontal lobe
temporal lobe
brain stem
what is the hindbrain?
cerebellum
medulla ablongata
how does the hindbrain operate?
unconsciously to regulate vital functionsn
what is the cerebrum?
largest part of the brain
receives sensory informaiton
makes conscious decisions
what are organisms?
complex chemical systems orginized to promote reproduction and survival
why is carbon the primary element in organic compounds?
small size is best for forming bonds and forming compounds
what is an ecosystem?
the sum of interaction organizms and their nonliving environment
what do all ecosystems run on?
energy from the sun
how is energy in te ecosystem lost?
waste heat when used to work
what is the carbon and nitrogen cycle?
plants fix to produce amino acids
consumed by secondary and tertiary consumers
returned to ecosystem through decomposition
what are the types of adaptation?
structural
behavioral
psysiological
who are producers in the food chain?
autotrophs and plans to manufacture their food
who ar the primary consumers in the food chain?
herbivores
who are secondar consumers?
carnivores
who are tertiary consumers?
omnivores
who are decomposers?
organisms that coonsume dead organisms and nonliving organic compounds as a food source
