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CSET Science > Domain 2 > Flashcards

Domain 2 Flashcards

Life Science

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the types of plant groups?

A

algae
fungi
ferns
gymnosperms
angiosperms

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2
Q

what are ferns?

A

plants that reproduve via spores

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3
Q

what are gymnosperms?

A

cone-bearing plants

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4
Q

what are angiosperms?

A

flowering plans with seeds within fruits

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5
Q

what is an ovule?

A

the female reproductive cells

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6
Q

what is photosynthesis?

A

a metabolic pathway conversing light enery to chemical energy

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7
Q

what do plants do in photosynthesis?

A

use the engery in sunlight and convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars and release oxygen

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8
Q

which organisms are one celled?

A

bacteria

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9
Q

what are the sbudivision sof the cell?

A

membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus

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10
Q

what is the cell membrane?

A

semi-permeable layer

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11
Q

what is included in the cytoplasm?

A

centrosome
robosomes
vauole
Golgi body
mitochondrion

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12
Q

what does the centrosome do?

A

cell diviision

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13
Q

what do ribosomes do?

A

contruct proteins

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14
Q

what do mitochondria?

A

conduct metabolism?

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15
Q

what do golgi bodies do?

A

secretion

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16
Q

what do vacuoles do?

A

digestion

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17
Q

what is inside the cell nucleus?

A

cubeoli, chromosoms, and neuclear membrane

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18
Q

what does the cytoplasm of plant cells include?

A

plastids

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19
Q

what are plastids?

A

chlorophyll that carry out photosynthesis

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20
Q

what is the nucleus?

A

majority of genetic informaiton that controls th cell’s growth and reproduction

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21
Q

how is the nucleus organized?

A

long and linear DNA modules with proteins to form chromosomes

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22
Q

what is the cell’s nuclear genome?

A

genes within the chromosomes

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23
Q

what is the function of the nucleus?

A

maintain the integrity of genes and regulating gene expression

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24
Q

what are chloroplasts?

A

organelles to conduct photosyntehesis

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25
Q

what do chloroplasts do?

A

absorb light and use it with water and carbon dioacide to produce sugars for energy

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26
Q

what is the mitochondria?

A

generates adenosine triphosphate for chemical energy
signals cellular differentiation and death
controls cell cycle and death

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27
Q

what is digestion?

A

the breakign down of food into chemicals to be absorbed

28
Q

what are carbohydrates converted into?

A

sugars

29
Q

what are fats trasnnformed into?

A

glycerol and fatty acids

30
Q

what are proteins turned into?

A

broken apart into amino acids

31
Q

what happens to the products of digestion?

A

absorbed into the bloodstrem through the lining of the small intestine

32
Q

what happens once the bloodstream absorbs the products of digestion?

A

metabolized in the various body tissues

33
Q

where does majority of digestion and absorption occur?

A

small intestine

34
Q

what is the circulatory system?

A

an organ system that obes nutrients, gases, and wastes to form cells, fight diseases, and maintain homeostasis

35
Q

what are the main componsents of the human circulatory system?

A

heart
blood
blood oxygenated
systemic circulation

36
Q

what does blood consist of?

A

plasma
red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets

37
Q

how does the digestive system work with the circulatory system?

A

provide the nutrients the system needs to keep the heart pumping

38
Q

what do red blood cells do?

A

transport oxygen in combination iwth iron pigments, hemoglobin

39
Q

what do white blood cells do?

A

fight infection
initiate blotting

40
Q

what does the lymphativ system consist of?

A

lymph
lymph nodes
lymph vessels

41
Q

what makes up the circulatory system?

A

cardiovascular system
lymphatic system

42
Q

what are the four chambers of the heart?

A

right atrium
right ventricle
left atrium
left ventricle

43
Q

what does the respiratory system do?

A

allow for gas exchange

44
Q

what does the sensory system do?

A

initiate nerve impulses after being affected

45
Q

how do the eyes function?

A

light rays are refracts
focus on retina to form image
optic nerve carries impulse to brain

46
Q

what do light rays refract through?

A

cornea
lens
vitreous body

47
Q

what does the nervous system consist of?

A

brain
spinal cord
peripheral nerves

48
Q

what is the functional unit of the nervous system?

A

neurons

49
Q

what do dendrites do?

A

receive and carry electrical impulses to cell body

50
Q

what do axons do?

A

send out impuses

51
Q

what are the major parts of the human brain?

A

cerebellum
occipital lobe
parietal lob
frontal lobe
temporal lobe
brain stem

52
Q

what is the hindbrain?

A

cerebellum
medulla ablongata

53
Q

how does the hindbrain operate?

A

unconsciously to regulate vital functionsn

54
Q

what is the cerebrum?

A

largest part of the brain
receives sensory informaiton
makes conscious decisions

55
Q

what are organisms?

A

complex chemical systems orginized to promote reproduction and survival

56
Q

why is carbon the primary element in organic compounds?

A

small size is best for forming bonds and forming compounds

57
Q

what is an ecosystem?

A

the sum of interaction organizms and their nonliving environment

58
Q

what do all ecosystems run on?

A

energy from the sun

59
Q

how is energy in te ecosystem lost?

A

waste heat when used to work

60
Q

what is the carbon and nitrogen cycle?

A

plants fix to produce amino acids
consumed by secondary and tertiary consumers
returned to ecosystem through decomposition

61
Q

what are the types of adaptation?

A

structural
behavioral
psysiological

62
Q

who are producers in the food chain?

A

autotrophs and plans to manufacture their food

63
Q

who ar the primary consumers in the food chain?

A

herbivores

64
Q

who are secondar consumers?

A

carnivores

65
Q

who are tertiary consumers?

A

omnivores

66
Q

who are decomposers?

A

organisms that coonsume dead organisms and nonliving organic compounds as a food source

CSET Science (4 decks)

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