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Net + > Domain 1.4 > Flashcards

Domain 1.4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of a default Gateway

A

A device that allows traffic to leave and enter a subnet

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2
Q

What is a loopback address

A

An address to your own NIC

Ranges from:
127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.254

Easy way to self reference (ping 127.0.0.1)

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3
Q

What are the reserved addresses

A

Addresses reserved for future use (class E addresses)

240.0.0.1 - 254.255.255.254

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4
Q

What is a VIP (Virtual IP Address)?

A

Not associated with a physical NIC.
Typically used with a VM or internal router address.

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5
Q

What is APIPA and the address range

A

A link local address - Not able to be forwarded by router

Ranges from:
169.254.0.1 - 169.254.255.254

First and last 256 addresses are reserved.

Functional block of
169.254.1.0 - 169.254.254.255

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6
Q

Describe the 1918 RFC IP addresses

A

Designates IP Ranges for Private IP Addresses

Class A -
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255

Class B -
172.16.0.0 - 172.16.31.255.255

Class C -
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

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7
Q

What are the four methods of communication over an IPv4 network

A

Unicast -

Multicast -

Broadcast -

Anycast -

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8
Q

Describe IPv4 Unicast Communication

A

Single machine to machine

Web-surfing, file transfers

Does not scale well

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9
Q

Describe IPv4 Broadcast Communication

A

Send information to all machines in broadcast domain at once

One packet received by everyone
Routing updates, AR P requests
Not used in IPv6

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10
Q

Describe IPv4 Multicast Communication

A

Delivery of info to interested systems
-One to Many

Multimedia delivery, stock updates.

Very specialized, and difficult to scale across large networks.

Used in both IPv4 and v6 neworks

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11
Q

Describe IPv4 Anycast Communication

A

-Single destination IP address has multiple paths to two or more endpoints.

-One-to-one of many

  • Configure the same anycast address on different devices.
  • The anycast address looks like any other unicast address.
  • Packets sent to anycast address are delivered to the closest interface.
    Typical for DNS
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12
Q

List the Classful IP Address Ranges using CIDR notation

A

Leading Octet used to determine class and default network bits:

Class A: 1-127 \24
Class B: 128-191 \16
Class C: 192-223 \8

Class D: 224-239 (Undefined subnet mask)
Class E: 240-254 (Undefined subnet mask)

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13
Q

What is the length in bits of a IPv6 Address

A

128-bits

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14
Q

What are the rules for shortening an IPv6 Address

A
  • Groups of zeros can be abbreviated using “::” Only once per address
  • Leading 0’s are optional

DNS is very important

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15
Q

What is EUI-64?

A

Extended Unique Identifier - 64bit

Method of static addressing where the address of the device never changes.

Makes use of the other address each device with a NIC has (MAC Address)

EUI-64 combines IPv6 Prefix and the MAC address.

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16
Q

How do you create a EUI-64 address?

A

-Take the EUI-48 address (MAC Address- 48 bits), split it in half.

-Enter FFFE in the middle for the two MAC address parts (16 bits)

Invert the seventh bit in the address to change the BIA (Burned in address) from a locally administered address.

17
Q

Explain IPv6 local tunneling

A

6to4 addressing
-Send IPv6 over existing IPv4 network
- Creates an IPV6 based on the IPv4 address.
-Requires relay routers
- No NAT support

4in6 - Tunnel IPv4 traffic over IPv6 network

18
Q

What is Teredo/Miredo?

A

Methods to tunnel IPv6 through NATed IPv4 network.
-End-To-End IPv6 through IPv4
- No special Router needed
-Temporary during migration to IPv6

Miredo - open source for Limux, BSD Unix, and MAC OS X

19
Q

What is Dual Stack Routing

A

IPV4 and IPV6 run at the same time.
-Interfaces will be assigned multiple address types.

20
Q

Describe IPv4 Dual Stack Routing

A

-IPV4 configured with IPv4 addresses
-Maintains an IPV4 routing table
-Uses IPv4 Dynamic Routing Protocols

21
Q

Describe IPv6 Dual Stack Routing

A

Maintains a separate IPv6 Routing table
- Uses IPv6 Dynamic Routing Protocols

22
Q

True or False: IPv6 uses ARP for neighbor discovery

A

False:

IPv6 uses NS (Neighbor Solicitation) - sent as a multicast and NA (Neighbor Advertisement) for Neighbor discovery.

23
Q

What is NDP?

A

Neighbor Discovery Protocol -

Method that runs over IPv6 Multicast that allows for Neighbor MAC Address resolution/Discovery.

24
Q

What is SLAAC?

A

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration
Allows for the configuration of an IPv6 address without an DHCP server.

25
Q

What is DAD?

A

Duplicate Address Detection -

Prevents duplicate addresses on a network

Net + (22 decks)

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