Domain 1: Language

Question 1

Domain 1

Answer 1

Candidates know, understand, and use the major theories and research related to the structure
and acquisition of language to help English language learners (ELLs) develop language and literacy and
achieve in the content areas.

Question 2

1.a. Language as a System

Candidates demonstrate
understanding of language as
a system, including phonology,
morphology, syntax, pragmatics
and semantics, and support
ELLs as they acquire English
language and literacy in order
to achieve in the content areas.

Answer 2

1.a.1. Demonstrate knowledge of the components of language and
language as an integrative system.
1.a.2. Apply knowledge of phonology (the sound system), morphology (the
structure of words), syntax (phrase and sentence structure), semantics
(word/sentence meaning), and pragmatics (the effect of context
on language) to help ELLs develop oral, reading, and writing skills
(including mechanics) in English.
1.a.3. Demonstrate knowledge of rhetorical and discourse structures as
applied to ESOL learning.
1.a.4. Demonstrate proficiency in English and serve as a good language
model for ELLs.

Question 3

1.b. Language Acquisition
and Development

Candidates understand and
apply theories and research
in language acquisition and
development to support their
ELLs’ English language and
literacy learning and contentarea achievement.

Answer 3

1.b.1. Demonstrate understanding of current and historical theories and
research in language acquisition as applied to ELLs.
1.b.2 Understand theories and research that explain how L1 [first
language] literacy development differs from L2 [second language]
literacy development.
1.b.3. Recognize the importance of ELLs’ L1s and language varieties and
build on these skills as a foundation for learning English.
1.b.4. Understand and apply knowledge of sociocultural, psychological,
and political variables to facilitate the process of learning English.
1.b.5. Understand and apply knowledge of the role of individual learner
variables in the process of learning English.

Question 4

L1 vs. L2

Answer 4

Language 1 (primary) vs. Language 2 (second)

Question 5

NES

Answer 5

Native English Speaking

Question 6

TESOL

Answer 6

Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages

Question 7

Multi-facet tools for learning

Answer 7

Describing, explaining, comparing, and concluding