Dog And Cat Reproduction Flashcards
What is Estrus
the period of sexual receptivity in females
What is Estrous
adjective used to describe the estrous cycle
What is the Estrous Cycle
the reproductive cycle of non-primate females that is defined by a time interval between one estrus and another
When do dogs reach puberty
Small breed: 6-10 months
Large Breed: 18-24 months
What order does the estrous cycle occur in dogs
Anestrus -> Proestrus -> Estrus -> Diestrus
APED
What is Anestrus
A period of reproductive rest
what is Proestrus
6-11 days
increase in ovarian follicular activity
What do LH and FSH do
increase estrogen
What does estrogen do
increase the growth of uterus & vagina mucosa & increased vascularization
What is Estrus
Period of sexual receptivity
estrogen levels decrease
progesterone levels increase
What causes ovulation
LH surge = Ovulation
following ovulation the corpus lutea will increase progesterone for 1-3 weeks
What is diestrus
~2 months long
corpus lutea produces progesterone to support pregnant & non-pregnant uterus
What is the pregnancy diagnosis in dogs
Abdomen Palpation:
day 20-30: walnut size growth in uterus
day 30-50: uterus is large but difficult to palpate fetuses
> 50 days: individual fetus can be distinguished
When can a fetus be seen through an ultrasound in a dog
Day 25 gestation
When can a fetus be seen in a radiograph in dogs
day 45
do pregnancy tests work on dogs
no; only blood tests work to measure relaxin at 24-30 days
What happens during split heats
There is no ovulation in the first estrus/proestrus cycle but there is in the second one
when is ovulation failure seen
in bitches with short inner-estrus periods <4 months
What causes abnormal estrous cycle
ovarian cysts/tumours
what are factors of failure to concieve
- incorrect timing of mating
- stress
- infertile males
- uterine problems
what is Dystocia
difficult birthing
What is a pyometra
infection of uterus
What is the treatment of pyometra
surgery
What is eclampsia
hypocalcemia (low blood calcium)
~milk fever
causes muscle twitching, seizures, death
What is the difference between cat & dog estrous cycle
-cats have photoperiod effects cycle & can have multiple proestrus periods
explain anestrus, proestrus, estrus, and diestrus cycles in cats
Anestrus: occurs with short daylight (0ct-dec)
Proestrus: increasing blood levels of estrogen
Estrus: sexual receptivity (2-19 days): queens vocalize & posture for male
Proestrus: cycles between if queen’s fail to ovulate
Diestrus: occurs following induced ovulation. Corpus lutea produces progesterone
What causes ovulation in cats
copulation releases GnRH from the hypothalamus which induces the release of gonadotropins from the pituitary which will induce an LH surge resulting in ovulation
What is the gestational length in cats & dogs
Cats: 63 days
Dogs: 66 days
What are the 6 myths of breeding dogs & cats
- Earn extra income
- Children want to see the miracle of birth
- Want a similar dog/cat to the one you have
- Raising a litter is fun
- Pet will miss out on the opportunity to reproduce
- We can find good homes for the puppies or kittens
