Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Unit 3 Pharm II > DOC/ indications (review lecture) > Flashcards

DOC/ indications (review lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

PTH effects

A

increases serum calcium

by getting osteoblasts to release RANK-L (osteoclastic)

increases renal/GI (re)absorption of calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

repaglinide/nateglinide would mostly be used if

A

you want to give a sulfonylurea but can’t because of sulfa allergy

(meglitinide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Can also be used in ART to suppress LH and FSH

but GnRH antagonists preferred

A

leuprolide

goserelin

(long acting GnRH agonists)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Treat Infertility (generally)

A

HMG (FSH analog)

HCG (LH analog)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

19-nortesterone

progesterone, medroxyprogesterone, megestrol acetate

A

contraception +/- estrogen

prophylactically to maintain pregnancy (and delay early contractions in at risk pregnancy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide

glyburide, glimepride, glipizide

A

(sulfonylurea)

big A1C decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

calcium

A

alone will not prevent or tx osteoporosis

needed for other tx to work though

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

estradiol/estrogens

A

oral contracetives

hormone replacement therapy

prostate CA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

reduced postpartum hemorrhage death

only used in combination

A

tranexamic acid

(anti-fibrinolytic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

denosumab is used for

A

osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men at high risk of fractures

in review she said it was also good for osteoporosis prevention in CA pts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

vit D effects

A

increases serum calcium

by getting osteoblasts to release RANK-L (osteoclastic)

increases renal/GI (re)reabsorption of calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Treat prostate cancer

A

leuprolide

goserelin

(long acting GnRH agonists)

+

Antiandrogen at beginning to prevent problems with initial surge of LH and FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

primary hypogonadism (to stimulate puberty) in girls

A

Conjugated estrogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

delay labor- relax uterus

starting to be 1st line

A

nifedipine

(CCB)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

male infertility issues due to pituitary problem or hypothalamic hypogonadism

A

1st HCG- LH- given for up to a year

(stimulates testosterone)

2nd HMG- FSH- added for months

(stimulates spermatogenesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

decrease endometrial hyperplasia in HRT

A

19-nortesterone

progesterone, medroxyprogesterone, megestrol acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis

A

Raloxifine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Treat precocious puberty

A

leuprolide

goserelin

(long acting GnRH agonists)

cetrorelix

ganirelix

(GnRH antagonists)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

radioactive iodine 131

A

DOC for toxic nodular goiter

Low dose=hyperthyroid diagnosis

High dose=thryoid destruction (ablation)

hyperthyroid pts with heart dz that cannot tolerate sx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

delay labor- relax uterus

by reducing prostaglandins

A

indomethacin

(NSAID)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

in emergency in case of uterine rupture- relax uterus

A

nitroglycerin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Preferred for suppression of LH and FSH in ART

A

cetrorelix

ganirelix

(GnRH antagonists)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Hypoproteinemia of nephrosis

Negative nitrogen balance: debilitated post-op patients, Burns, Prematurity

A

Testosterone/methyltestosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

delay labor- relax uterus

preeclampsia

eclampsia

A

mag sulfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Off label *T1DM* oral drugs

A

acarbose

miglitol

alphaglucosidase inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

“gliptins”

A

(DPP-4 inhibitors)

medium A1C decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

weak progestin + androgen for *endometriosis*

A

danazol

28
Q

what do you give to a pt who wants a “bioidentical birth control”

A

natazia

29
Q

DOC for osteoporosis in men and postmenopausal women

Pagets disease

A

“dronates”

(bisphosphonates)

30
Q

Treat endometriosis

A

Long acting GnRH agonists:

Leuprolide

Goserelin

GnRH Antagonists:

Cetrorelix

Ganirelix

31
Q

estrogen dependent breast CA

A

tamoxifen

32
Q

female infertility issues

A

in sequence:

1st- HMG- for 9-12 days

(develops ovarian follicles)

2nd- HCG- 1 dose

(helps to synthesize progesterone in corpus luteum)

33
Q

for pregnant women with hyperthyroidism, Graves, toxic nodular goiter

(tachycardia, wide pulse pressure, sensitivity to heat, tremor, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, increased sensitivity to adrenergic stimulation)

A

propylthiouracil

(thioamide derivative)

34
Q

Testicular deficiency

A

testosterone

methyltestosterone

35
Q

levothyroxine sodium

A

(T4)

hypothyroidism

(slow metabolic rate, hypothermia, sensitive to cold, fatigue, bradycardia, thick skin, low BP)

36
Q

colesevelam

A

small decrease in A1C

decreases LDL

37
Q

abortion

cervical ripening (gel form)

A

dinoprostone

(prostaglandin)

38
Q

precocious puberty (males)

VERY HIGH DOSE

A

spironolactactone

39
Q

SPECIFICALLY TARGETS INSULIN RESISTANCE

A

pioglitazone

rosiglitazone

(thiazolidinones)

40
Q

Fo prostate CA

also when you initiate long acting GnRH agonists to suppress the initial surge of androgens

A

flutamide

bicalutamide

nilutamide

(androgen receptor antagonist)

41
Q

what do you give for:

vasomotor problems: HA, hot flashes

GU: dryness, painful sex

osteoporosis

heart disease

A

Hormone Replacement Therapy

low dose estrogens + progesterone

(combo to reduce ovarian hyperplasia)

ONLY BENEFICIAL FOR 1ST 5-10 YEARS OF MENOPAUSE

42
Q

bromocriptine mesylate

A

(dopamine agonist)

small decrease in A1C

reduces FA and TG levels

good for the heart

43
Q

DOC- POST menopausal breast CA

2nd line tx- progressive, refractory breast CA

A

exemestane

anastrozole

letrozole

(aromatase inhibitor)

44
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

male pattern baldness

A

finasteride

dutasteride

(5 alpha reductase inhibitors)

45
Q

metformin benefits

A

1st line- big decrease in A1C

reduces glucose to euglycemic state

good for heart- decreases MIs

does not increase weight

decreases mortality

46
Q

female hypopituitaryism

A

Estrogens+ testosterone/methyltestosterone

47
Q

“glutides” and exenatide

benefits

A

(GLP-1 agonists)

big decrease in A1C

good for heart- decreases MI

weight loss

48
Q

propanolol

A

decrease hyperthyroidism sxs

(tachycardia, wide pulse pressure, sensitivity to heat, tremor, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, increased sensitivity to adrenergic stimulation)

49
Q

what do you give to girls who don’t go through puberty

A

HRT

estrogens + progesterone

(combo to reduce ovarian hyperplasia)

use low dose

50
Q

decreases serum calcium

stimulated by estrogen

A

Calcitonin

51
Q

oxytocin

A

DOC to induce labor (after massage has been tried)

prevent hemorrhage after delivery

stimulate milk let down

52
Q

DOC for infertility in women

A

Clomiphene

Antagonist: hypothalamus: prevents negative feedback of Estrogen on GnRH, causing more LH and FSH.

Agonist: elsewhere

53
Q

prevent hemorrhage after delivery or suction abortion

(by causing contractions)

not first line (OT)

A

ergonovine maleate

methylergonovine maleate

(ergots)

54
Q

abortion

often used in combo w/misoprostol (PG)

A

mifepristone

(anti-progestin, also antagonizes glucocorticoid receptors)

55
Q

acarbose

miglitol

A

*T1DM* and T2DM

moderate A1C decrease

alphaglucosidase inhibitors

56
Q

“gliflozins”

A

(SGLT-2 inhibitors)

medium A1C effect

good for heart- decreases MI

weight loss

57
Q

pramlintide

A

(amylin like peptide)

used in T1DM and T2DM

small decrease in A1C

weight loss

58
Q

iodide

A

used prior to thyroidectomy (it decreases gland vascularity)

to prevent uptake of radioactive iodine

hyperthyroidism- short term effect

(tachycardia, wide pulse pressure, sensitivity to heat, tremor, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, increased sensitivity to adrenergic stimulation)

59
Q

liothyronine sodium

A

(T3)

myxedema coma or severe hypotension

(poorly responsive pt w/ thyroidectomy scar)

60
Q

combo oral contraceptive that

reduces water retention

reduces PMDD sxs

A

drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol

61
Q

pioglitazone

rosiglitazone

A

(thiazolidinones)

big decrease in A1C

SPECIFICALLY TARGETS INSULIN RESISTANCE

62
Q

Treats osteomalacia

A

Vitamin D

(other: deficiency, rickets, familial hypophosphatemia, hypoparathyroidism)

63
Q

DOC for estrogen dependent breast CA

A

tamoxifen

(anti-estrogen)

Agonist: uterus, bone

Antagonist: breast

64
Q

abortion- 2nd trimester

A

carboprost tromethamine

(prostaglandin)

65
Q

DOC for hyperthyroidism and Graves

also for toxic nodular goiter

(tachycardia, wide pulse pressure, sensitivity to heat, tremor, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, increased sensitivity to adrenergic stimulation)

A

methimazole

(thioamide derivatives)

66
Q

prevents vertebral compression fractures, but doesn’t seem to have an effect other types of fractures

A

calcitonin

67
Q

osteoporosis

not DOC but the

only anabolic menopausal tx

A

teriparatide

abaloparatide

rhPTH

(recombinant PTH)

Unit 3 Pharm II (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions