DNA viruses - Herpesviridae Flashcards
Which virus is associated with gingivostomatitis, keratoconjunctivitis, herpes labialis?
HSV-1
Which virus is associated w/ temporal lobe encephalitis (most
common cause of sporadic encephalitis, can present with altered mental status, seizures, and/or aphasia).
HSV-1
How is HSV-1 transmitted?
Transmitted by respiratory secretions, saliva.
Which virus is associated with Herpes genitalis, neonatal herpes.
HSV-2
How is HSV-2 transmitted? Where does it hang out latent?
Transmitted by sexual contact, perinatally. Latent in sacral ganglia.
Which virus is associated with chickenpox, shingles, encephalitis, and pneumonia?
VZV
Where does VZV hang out latent?
Latent in dorsal root or
trigeminal ganglia.
What is the most common complication of shingles?
Post-herpetic neuralgia.
How is VZV transmitted?
Respiratory secretions.
Which virus is classically associated with mononucleosis?
EBV (monospot negative). CMV (monospot negative).
What are the symptoms of mononucleosis?
Characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy
(especially posterior cervical nodes).
How is EBV transmitted?
Transmitted by respiratory secretions and saliva; also called “kissing disease” since commonly seen
in teens, young adults.
How do EBV cells infect cells?
Infect B cells through CD-21.
What do the atypical lymphocytes seen on peripheral blood smear w/ EBV represent?
They are not
infected B cells but rather reactive cytotoxic T cells.
What does the monospot test detect?
Heterophile antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep or horse
RBCs.
What cancers are associated with EBV?
Lymphomas (eg endemic Burkitt lymphoma), nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Which virus is associated with retinitis?
CMV
Which virus is associated with congenital infection?
CMV
Which virus is associated with mononucleosis and a negative monospot test?
CMV
What virus has characteristic owl eye inclusions on blood smear?
CMV
How is CMV transmitted?
Congenitally, by transfusion, sexual contact, saliva, urine, transplant
Which virus is most associated with roseola?
HSV-6, ie “sixth’s disease”. Also HSV-7.
What are the symptoms of roseola?
High fevers for several days that can cause seizures, followed by a diffuse macular rash
How are HHV-6/HHV-7 transmitted?
Saliva
Which virus is associated with dark, violaceous plaques or nodules? What is this disease?
HHV-8. Kaposi’s sarcoma, a neoplasm of endothelial cells.
What else can HHV-8 infect, other than kaposi?
GI tract and lungs.
How is HHV-8 transmitted?
Sexual contact.
How is herpes encephalitis diagnosed?
CSF PCR
Viral culture for…?
skin and genitalia.
What is a Tzanck smear?
Smear of opened skin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells.
A positive Tzanck smear is seen in which herpesviridae?
HSV1, HSV2, and VZV.
In which herpesviridae are intranuclear inclusions seen?
HSV-1, HSV-2, and VZV.
