DNA Testing Flashcards
1
Q
What is the process of a PCR test?
A
- The DNA sample is heated at 95oc and the DNA will denature where the two strands are separated
- The sample is then cooled to 50-60oc to allow DNA primers to attach to the ends of the target sequence
- the sample is then heated to 70oc and Taq polymerase binds to the primer and adds complementary nucleotides by forming bonds in the sugar-phosphate backbone
- After the PCR has been completed, gel electrophoresis can be carried out to check the quantity and the size of the DNA fragments produced
2
Q
What does gel electrophoresis do?
A
- This is where the DNA is separated and specific fragments of DNA is identified
- Can identify leptospirosis DNA
3
Q
What does Enzyme linked immunoassasy (ELISA) do?
A
- Uses antibodies and colour change to identify a concentration of an antigen in a mixture
- Can indicate whether a patient is infected with a virus by detecting it directly
4
Q
What is the process of Enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA)?
A
- Antigens are stuck onto a plastic surface
- The patients sample is added, if there are any antibodies present they will bind to the antigens
- A second antibody with a marker is added and a positive reaction is detected by the marker changing colour
- If there is no antibodies present in the sample then the second antibody will not be able to stick and there will be no colour change
5
Q
What do the results of Enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) mean?
A
- The higher the concentration the stronger the colour change which means the stronger the infection
6
Q
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?
A
- Quantitative data involves numbers and it is easy to compare the data
- Qualitative data involves descriptions
7
Q
What is the process of aseptic technique?
A
- Ensure the area is sterilised
- Put on sterile gloves
- Use the Bunsen burner to sterilise the inoculating loop
- The Bunsen burner will kill any bacteria around the area with the heat
