DNA structure and function

Question 1

how are the pairs of bases bonded

Answer 1

hydrogen bonds

Question 2

what are the purines

Answer 2

adenine

guanine

Question 3

what are the pyrimidines

Answer 3

cytosine

thymine

uracil

Question 4

what are the 3 base pairings

Answer 4

A - T

A - U

C - G

Question 5

what do DNA strands wrap around

Answer 5

histones

Question 6

what do the histones become

Answer 6

chromatin

Question 7

what does chromatin become when it loops around itself

Answer 7

chromatids

Question 8

what does messenger RNA do

Answer 8

carries copies of genetic instructions to the rest of the cell

Question 9

what does ribosomal RNA do

Answer 9

stitching together of amino acids to make a protein molecule

Question 10

what does transfer RNA do

Answer 10

carries amino acids to make protein

Question 11

who recognized the recessive allele

Answer 11

Archibald garrod

Question 12

what ideas connected genes to enzymes

Answer 12

recessive alleles

Question 13

what is the process of making proteins called

Answer 13

central dogma

Question 14

what is synthesis of RNA called

Answer 14

transcription

Question 15

what is synthesis from RNA template called

Answer 15

translation

Question 16

what to transfer RNAs carry

Answer 16

anticodons

Question 17

what is a block of RNA nucleotides corresponding to an amino acid called

Answer 17

codon

Question 18

how many stop codons are there

how many start codons are there

Answer 18

3

1

Question 19

what is the start codon letters

Answer 19

AUG

Question 20

what does it mean that the genetic code is degenerate

Answer 20

there can be many combinations of codons that code for one amino acid

Question 21

the genetic code is universal except for in what two organelles

Answer 21

mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 22

are genes always expressed

Answer 22

no

Question 23

what is the most common form of gene regulation

Answer 23

initiation of transcription