DNA & RNA structure

Question 1

DNA is a polymer, what are the 4 nucleotides and what is swapped in RNA

Answer 1

A - adenine
T - thymine
G - guanine
C - Cytosine
and T is swapped for U

Question 2

What is used to unzip DNA

Answer 2

A helicase is used by breaking the hydrogen bonds

Question 3

enzymes attach nucleotides together to build a new DNA strand, what is this called. What is the lagging strand known as and what connects them?

Answer 3

DNA polymerase, the lagging strand is the Okazaki fragment and ligase connects them.

Question 4

What are the three different types of RNA

Answer 4

mRNA
rRNA
tRNA

Question 5

what is the process of central dogma

Answer 5

DNA - mRNA - Protein

Question 6

What are the three phases of transcription

Answer 6

initiation, elongation, termination

Question 7

How does the enzyme know where to bind and stop

Answer 7

the promoter and terminator

Question 8

what is a codon and how many codons can be made

Answer 8

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that codes for an amino acid. 64

Question 9

How do the operator and repressor work together?

Answer 9

the operator works as an on/ff switch - in the presence of something it will do blah… a repressore turns the operator off.