Cell Biology

Question 1

What microorganisms are prokaryotes

Answer 1

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 2

What microorganisms are Eukaryotes

Answer 2

Fungi - Yeats and moulds
Protozoa
Microalgae

Question 3

Are archaea more closely related to eukarya or bacteria

Answer 3

eukarya, because of cell function.

Question 4

What are cell structures that all cells have

Answer 4

cytoplasmic membrane

cytoplasm

ribosomes - protein synthesizing structures

DNA - genetic material

Question 5

What are the energy stations for plant and normal cell

Answer 5

Mitochondria - respiration converts organic material to chemical energy

Chloroplasts - converts light energy into chemical energy in thylakoids.

Question 6

What are the main structures of the secretory pathway

Answer 6

Endoplasmic reticulm

golgi apparatus

vesicles

Question 7

What are the stages of virus replication

Answer 7

1. Attachment - adsorption of phage
2. penetration - viral nucleic acid
3. Synthesis of viral nucleic acid and protein
4. Assembly and packaging of new viruses
5. Cell lysis and release of new virions.

Question 8

What effects microbial growth

Answer 8

temperature
pH
Salinity
Oxygen

Question 9

What are the stages of respiration and fermentation

Answer 9

1. Glycolysis
2. Krebs cycle
3. ETC
4. Fermentation

Question 10

What happens in Glycolysis and Krebs cycle

Answer 10

produce low amounts of ATP and reduced electron carriers

Question 11

describe fermentation

Answer 11

the electron carriers are regenerated to their oxidised form producing reduced organic compounds. after initial glycolysis step, no ATP is produced.