DNA, RNA etc. Flashcards
What is RNA?
WhaT are its components?
Ribonucleic acid, single strand polymer made up of mononucleotides
Pentose sugar
Phosphate group
Organic base (a&u c&g)
Name three types of RNA
tRNA
rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
mRNA
What does mRNA do?
What can it be subject to in Eukaryotes?
Conveys the message of gene expression from nucleus to ribosome. In eukaryotes it can be subject to splicing.
What shape is tRNA?
Single stranded but folded into a clover
What is at either ends of the tRNA?
Anticodon
Amino acids
What is the role of the tRNA?
Where dorms it do this?
To bring the opposite code to the strand that the mRNA has coded for
In the ribosome
DNA replication always takes place just before what?
Mitosis
What unzips the DNA helix?
DNA helicase
What is DNA to RNA called?
Transcription
What is mRNA to protein called
Translation
What bonds hold the bases together?
Hydrogen bonds
How many bonds between c and g
How many between a and t
2
3
What kind of bonds build the sugar phosphate backbone?
Phosphodiester
What is rnas pentose sugar
What is DNA’s pentose sugar
Ribose
De oxyribose
What pathway are the ribose sugars produced by?
Pentose phosphate pathway
Products from the pentose phosphate pathway have the ability to promote and inhibit. What is this called?
Allosteric control
What are purines?
What are pyramidines?
G and a
C t and u
DNA only replicates one strand. What is this type of replication called?
Semi conservative
What type of reaction happens when the pentose sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous base join?
Condensation reaction
Which is the stronger of the two base pairs?
C and g
What is the start codon?
Aug most common
Methionine
What is the stop codon?
UAA UAG UGA
