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Biology > DNA, RNA etc. > Flashcards

DNA, RNA etc. Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is RNA?

WhaT are its components?

A

Ribonucleic acid, single strand polymer made up of mononucleotides

Pentose sugar
Phosphate group
Organic base (a&u c&g)

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2
Q

Name three types of RNA

A

tRNA
rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
mRNA

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3
Q

What does mRNA do?

What can it be subject to in Eukaryotes?

A

Conveys the message of gene expression from nucleus to ribosome. In eukaryotes it can be subject to splicing.

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4
Q

What shape is tRNA?

A

Single stranded but folded into a clover

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5
Q

What is at either ends of the tRNA?

A

Anticodon

Amino acids

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6
Q

What is the role of the tRNA?

Where dorms it do this?

A

To bring the opposite code to the strand that the mRNA has coded for
In the ribosome

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7
Q

DNA replication always takes place just before what?

A

Mitosis

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8
Q

What unzips the DNA helix?

A

DNA helicase

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9
Q

What is DNA to RNA called?

A

Transcription

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10
Q

What is mRNA to protein called

A

Translation

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11
Q

What bonds hold the bases together?

A

Hydrogen bonds

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12
Q

How many bonds between c and g

How many between a and t

A

2

3

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13
Q

What kind of bonds build the sugar phosphate backbone?

A

Phosphodiester

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14
Q

What is rnas pentose sugar

What is DNA’s pentose sugar

A

Ribose

De oxyribose

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15
Q

What pathway are the ribose sugars produced by?

A

Pentose phosphate pathway

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16
Q

Products from the pentose phosphate pathway have the ability to promote and inhibit. What is this called?

A

Allosteric control

17
Q

What are purines?

What are pyramidines?

A

G and a

C t and u

18
Q

DNA only replicates one strand. What is this type of replication called?

A

Semi conservative

19
Q

What type of reaction happens when the pentose sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous base join?

A

Condensation reaction

20
Q

Which is the stronger of the two base pairs?

A

C and g

21
Q

What is the start codon?

A

Aug most common

Methionine

22
Q

What is the stop codon?

A

UAA UAG UGA

Biology (8 decks)

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