Cell Structure And DNA pro and eu

Question 1

What is a nucleotide made from

Answer 1

Five carbon sugar pentose
Nitrogen base
Inorganic phosphate

Question 2

What are purines

Answer 2

Two carbon rings

A and g

Question 3

What are pyrimidines

Answer 3

Single carbon rings

T, c, u

Question 4

DNA polymerase can synthesise DNA IN WHAT DIRECTION?

Answer 4

5’ to 3’

Question 5

Which is the leading strannd?

Answer 5

5’ to 3’

Question 6

Which is the lagging strand?

Answer 6

3’ to 5’

Question 7

What is it called when DNA strands run in opposite directions?

Answer 7

Antiparralel

Question 8

What are the newly synthesised DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging strand called?

Answer 8

Okazaki fragments

Question 9

What enzymes and in what order are used during DNA replication

Answer 9

Helicase - unzips hydrogen bonds from bases
Primase adds DNA nucleotides to parent strand
Polymerase -
Ligase - joins okasaki fragments

Question 10

Name two types of prokaryotes

Answer 10

Bacteria and archaea

Question 11

Does bacteria have a nucleus? What does it have?

Answer 11

No, long circular strand of DNA in a region called the nucleoid… no nuclear membrane also have plasmid

Question 12

Which organelles do eukaryotes have that prokaryotes don’t?

Answer 12

Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
Endoplasmic recticulum

Question 13

What organelles do pro and eukaryotes have in common?

Answer 13

Ribosomes, plasma membrane and cell wall