DNA, RNA, and Proteins Flashcards
DNA
an organism’s genetic material, abbreviation for Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
Transcription
the process of making mRNA from DNA
Translation
the process of making protein from RNA
Gene
a section on a chromosome taht has genetic information for one trait
Codon
3-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid.
Mutation
a permanent change in the sequence of DNA, or the nucleotide, in a gene/chromosome.
What is and where does transcription occur?
Transcription is the process of making mRNA form DNA. It occurs in the nucleus.
The building blocks of DNA are?
Nucleotides
What would the matching strand of this DNA sequence be, TTAGGCA?
AATCCGT
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix
Proteins monomer is?
Amino Acids
What holds the 2 nitrogen bases together?
Hydrogen Bonds
What is and where does translation occur?
Translation is the process of making protein from RNA. It occurs in the cytoplasm at a ribosome.
Why is DNA considered a semi-conservative replication?
Half of the old strand is saved during replication, one old strand and one new strand pair up.
What 3 things make up a nucleotide?
- Phosphate
- Sugar
- Nitrogen Base
