DNA/RNA and Proteins Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the monomer (subunit) of DNA?
Nucleotide
What is the name of the sugar in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What molecule make up the rungs of a double helix?
Phosphate and sugar
Where is DNA located?
Nucleus
Where is RNA located?
Ribosome
How many amino acids are attached to a single tRNA?
1
Where does transcription occur?
Nucleus
Where does translation occur?
Ribosome
What is translation?
RNA -> protein
What is transcription?
DNA. -> rna
What is a gene?
A segment of DNA
What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?
Serve as a template for the synthesis of rna
Which two bases should be found in fairly equal amounts in a DNA molecule?
Adenine and thymine
What is the role of RNA?
Carry information from the nucleus to the ribosome
What is autosomal?
Having to do with one of the non-sex chromosomes
mRNA - location and function
nucleus - carry protein info from nucleus to cytoplasm
rRNA - location and function
ribosome - make structure of ribosomes
tRNA - location and function
cytoplasm - carry amino acids to ribosome
What is a deletion mutation?
A base is lost
What is an insertion mutation?
A base is inserted
What is a substitution mutation?
One base is substituted for another
What is a MISSENSE mutation
When the substitution changes the amino acid
What is a SILENT mutation?
When the substitution does not change the amino acid
