DNA + RNA Flashcards
What are nucleotides?
-the monomers of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
What are nucleotides composed of?
-A Penrose monosaccharide
-A phosphate group
-A nitrogenous base
Draw a nucleotide
-correct drawing
What reactions and bonds link nucleotides?
-condensation reaction
-phosphodiester bonds which form a long strong sugar-phosphate backbone
What is the sugar in DNA?
Deoxyribose sugar
What are the 4 bases in DNA?
Thymine, Adenine, Cytosine ,Guanine
Which bases are purines and which are pyrimidines?
Purines- G, A
Pyrimidines- T, C
What is the structure of DNA and how is it held together?
-It is made up of two polynucleotides forming a double helix
-they are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases. Each strand has a phosphate group at one end and a hydroxyl as another.
-the two strands are arranged so they run in the opposite direction
What are the two complementary bases in DNA?
Adenine-Thymine
Cytosine-Guanine
What sugar is a RNA molecule?
A ribose sugar
What is RNA?
A short section of a DNA molecule corresponding to a particular gene transcribes into a short mRNA molecule which helps transfer genetic information from DNA to proteins
What are the bases in RNA
Same as DNA but Thymine is replaced with Uracil
