DNA Replication

Question 1

What is DNA Helicase

Answer 1

unzips and unwinds the double stranded DNA - breaking weak hydrogen bonds

Question 2

What is DNA Polymerase

Answer 2

helps free-floating nucleotides attach exposed bases by the base pairing rule (A-T, C-G)
moves in the opposite direction - leading strand moves towards the replication fork - lagging strand moves from the replication fork

Question 3

What is DNA Ligase

Answer 3

seals the new nucleotides by phosphodiester bonds into the continuous double strand that rewinds and joins ozarki fragments
nucleotides link together in a 5 to 3 direction

Question 4

What is RNA Primer

Answer 4

attaches short sentence of RNA that tells DNA Polymerase where to start

Question 5

What are SSBs

Answer 5

single-stranded binding proteins to stop super coiling

Question 6

Process of DNA Replication at Lagging and Leading strand

Answer 6

Synthesis is continuous on the leading strand as nucleotides are added on one after the other
Lagging strand moves from a 3 to 5 direction but DNA polymerase can only synthesis from a 5 to 3 direction starting at the primers that are added, synthesising small strands of DNA with Ozarki fragments that have to be fixed by Ligase