DNA, Genes, and Chromosomes

Question 1

What is the properties of DNA in eukaryotes?

Answer 1

long, linear + double helix

found in nucleus

folded around proteins called histones
folded into chromosomes
have introns

Question 2

What is the properties of DNA in prokaryotes?

Answer 2

DNA is shorter + circular (loop)
no proteins / histones
no nucleus
have plasmids
no introns

Question 3

What are the properties of DNA in mitochondria + chloroplasts?

Answer 3

have their own DNA
same as prokaryotes
no plasmids

Question 4

What is a gene?

Answer 4

a sequence of DNA that codes for a polypeptide or a functional RNA e.g. tRNA

Question 5

What is a locus?

Answer 5

the location of a gene on a chromosome

Question 6

What is DNA triplet?

Answer 6

a sequence of 3 DNA bases that code for a specific amino acid

Question 7

What does not all DNA code for?

Answer 7

proteins, polypepetides and functional RNA

non-coding multiple repeats
variable number tandem Repeats (VNTR’s)

between genes

Question 8

What are introns?

Answer 8

regions within a gene that dont code for polypeptides