DNA fingerprinting Flashcards

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1
Q

Role of DNA fingerprinting

A

Methods used to identify an individual from a sample of DNA by looking at unique pattern in DNA

Method which relies on the unique pattern made by a series of DNA fragment after separating them according to their length by gel electrophoresis

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2
Q

History

A

1984 by Sir Jeffery which he realised he could detect variations in human DNA

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3
Q

Comparison

A

PCR in terms of forensic application criminals etc

A piece of x-ray filmed exposed to fragments ,r adioactive probe had become attached .

Pattern would be analysed - Lead to investigation

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4
Q

Procedure - Ecstacy

A

Extraction of DNA:

From cell /tissue of muscle , semen , saliva or blood
Blood is being treated with a series of chemicals until pure DNA emerges as a white solid

DNA stored , dissolved in water and fridge .

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5
Q

Cutting up the DNA using an enzyme

A

Involves using restriction enzyme
Using colourless liquid to the DNA with another colourless liquid
Enzyme take quite some to cut all places in the strands

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6
Q

Separating DNA fragments on the gel

A

Separates the different sizes of the DNA fragment generated by cutting up the DNA.

Observe the small fragments move faster than larger ones , so DNA fragments are separated as they move in the gel .

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7
Q

Transferring DNA on paper

A

gel separated onto white nitrocellulose paper , so paper carries an extract replica of DNA on the gel .

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8
Q

Adding the radioactive probe

A

Probe sticks to the fragments of the DNA that has matching sequence , but only those fragments that have matching sequence of letters , no other fragments

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9
Q

Setting up X- ray film

A

Dark mode , nitrocellulose paper placed against a piece of x-ray film

X- ray film records pattern of radioactivity on the paper , probe has struck .

Pattern of DNA fragment see where probes stuck

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