DNA AND RNA

Question 1

WHAT DOES DNA DO?

Answer 1

It replicates to be passed on to the next generation.
DNA stores information.
It undergoes mutations to provide genetic diversity.

Question 2

Messenger RNA

Answer 2

(mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes.

Question 3

Ribosomal RNA

Answer 3

(rRNA) joins with proteins to form ribosomes.

Question 4

Transfer RNA

Answer 4

(tRNA) transfers amino acids to a ribosome where they are added to a forming protein.

Question 5

TRANSLATION

3 steps

Answer 5

Initiation: mRNA binds to the small ribosomal subunit and causes the two ribosomal units to associate
Elongation: polypeptide lengthens
tRNA picks up an amino acid.
tRNA has an anticodon that is complementary to the codon on the mRNA.
tRNA anticodon binds to the codon and drops off an amino acid to the growing polypeptide.
Termination: a stop codon on the mRNA causes the ribosome to fall off the mRNA