DNA and Protein Synthesis Flashcards
Where are genes located?
Genes are found on chromosomes in the nucleus.
What are Genes made of?
Genes are made of DNA.
Are all DNA strands the same?
No, genes are all unique.
What is the function of DNA?
The function of DNA is to make protein.
What does Genetic Information control?
Genetic information controls how cells act and determines the cells characteristics.
What determines the cells characteristics?
Genetic information.
Describe the structure of DNA.
DNA is a double stranded helix with a sugar phosphate backbone help by complementary base pairs.
What is a Gene?
A Gene is a section of DNA containing a single piece of genetic information.
What does the base sequence determine?
The amino acid sequence in protein.
What are proteins made of?
Chains of amino acids.
How many different types of amino acids are they?
20
What is the function of an mRNA molecule?
To carry a copy of the code from the DNA, to the nucleus and then to a ribosome where the proteins are assembled from amino acids.
Why is it important that proteins have a 3D shape?
It’s important that they have a 3D shape so that we can determine their function.
How is the shape of a protein determined?
By the sequence of amino acids.
