DNA Flashcards
Describe the three components in a Nucleotide
Deoxyribose , phosphate and nitrogenous base
What are the names of the bonds in the nucleotide
there is a phosphodiester bond with the phosphate and deoxyribose, there is also a glycosidic bond between the base and the sugar.
Explain why the helix structure is so great
This is because it can be easily stored, replication is easy due to the unzipping of the molecule, the nitrogenous bases are protected and more info can be stored
What are the base pairs
There is adenine and thymine, guanine and cytosine
what is the number of bonds between them
there are 2 between A and T and there are 3 between G and C, A and G are purines whereas T and C are pyrimidines
why is complementary base pairing great
this is because it will ensure that the code has been copied correctly
what is the purpose of the histone protein
this is used to package and arrange the DNA in the nucleus
Why in DNA replication does the mRNA copy the DNA in transcription
This is because the mRNA strand is only single stranded so it can fit out of the nucleus. and it ensures that the DNA does not need to leave the nucleus so it ensures protection
Describe what occurs during translation
During translation an anti-codon attaches to the triplet code, then an accpetor arm has the specific amino acid attached this is then added to the polypeptide and then the tRNA picks up another corresponding amino acid
What does the exam question outline the process of DNA replication mean
This means detailed description of the semi conservative replication including the enzymes gyrase helicase and polymerase. not protein synthesis
what is meant by the term mutation
There may be an error in copying the genetic code line for line this leads to a mutation. This can be new allele that could have formed that allows for diversity, not all mutations are bad such as being able to fold your tongue but some are.
