DNA Flashcards
where is DNA found in the eukaryote cell
the nucleus
four bases of DNA
adenine (A) guanine (G)
cytosine (C) thymine (T)
rules of bases in DNA
A pairs with T and G pairs with C
how are DNA strands held together
by hydrogen bonds between pairs of bases
what is a DNA molecule
two twisted strands of bases that form a double helix
how to extract DNA from fruit
- salt water mixed with detergent
- mashed up fruit added
- leave mixture for 15 mins at 60C
- filter mixture to get froth and big, insoluble cells out
- pour iced ethanol into filtrate
- DNA floats to surface
dependent variable in the extraction
- what you are measuring
- the DNA
independent variable in the extraction
- what is changed by the scientists
- temp.
controlled variable in the extraction
- what remains constant
- type of fruit
what are dna strands
polymers made up of several repeating units called nucleotides
what does a nucleotide consist of
one sugar molecule, one phosphate molecule and one base
what are the roles of sugar and phosphate in a nucleotide
- to form the backbone to the dna strands
- the molecules alternate causing one of four bases to join to each sugar
what is the name given to when the four bases of dna pair up
complementary base pairing
what are chromosomes
long, coiled up molecules of DNA
where are chromosome found
they are found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
