DNA

Question 1

Where is DNA found?

Answer 1

In the nucleus

Question 2

What is DNA?

Answer 2

A chemical which contains genetic material

Question 3

What is DNA structurally?

Answer 3

A polymer made up of many monomers called nucleotides

Question 4

What is a nucleotide made up of?

Answer 4

One sugar molecule
One phosphate molecules
4 types of organic bases

Question 5

What is each DNA molecule made up of?

Answer 5

2 DNA strands (sugar phosphate backbone) which are twisted together. Each base connects another base to another strand with hydrogen bonds

Question 6

What are the bases held together by?

Answer 6

Weak hydrogen bonds

Question 7

What are the 2 complementary base pairs?

Answer 7

A = T
C = G

Question 8

Why is the order of the different bases important?

Answer 8

Because it forms a genetic code

Question 9

What is the overall visual structure of DNA?

Answer 9

A double helix

Question 10

How is DNA condensed to fit into the cell?

Answer 10

It is packaged tightly in coils with proteins in a chromosome.

Question 11

What are the bases held together by?

Answer 11

Weak hydrogen bonds

Question 12

What is a chromosome?

Answer 12

A long thread of DNA

Question 13

What is a gene?

Answer 13

A small section of DNA in a chromosome

Question 14

What does a gene code for?

Answer 14

Each gene codes for a particular sequence of amino acids in order to make a specific protein

Question 15

CORE PRACTICAL: How do you extract DNA from fruit? (6 steps)

Answer 15

1. Crush fruit
2. Add detergent
3. Heat to 60’C in a water bath
4. Filter the mixture
5. Add ethanol
6. Remove DNA which forms as a precipitate