DKA Flashcards
1
Q
DKA - triad
A
hyperglycaemia
ketonuria
acidosis
2
Q
what causes the hypotension in DKA?
A
dehydration
acidosis
3
Q
what causes the dehydration in DKA?
A
high glucose-osmotic diuresis
4
Q
DKA - presentation
A
dehydration, tachycardia + hypotension air hunger - kussmaul - acidosis compensation ketone breath vomiting + abdo pain signs of trigger eg infection, MI
5
Q
what causes the vomiting in DKA?
A
acidosis + hypokalaemia cause paralytic small bowel ileus - enteroparesis
6
Q
DKA - approach
A
the first hour: PANICS
Potassium - correct, measure hourly + omit if anuria or >5.5
Acidosis - check venous pH + ketone levels
Normal saline - 1L in 1h, or 500ml/15min if sBP <90
Insulin infusion - 0.1U/kg/hr
Catheter, cultures, urine output, bloods
Stomach aspiration by NGT if reduced LOC (asp pneumonia = commonest cause of death)
