Diabetic retinopathy Flashcards
1
Q
diabetic retinopathy - progression
A
background maculopathy pre-proliferative proliferative endstage
2
Q
diabetic maculopathy - signs
A
macula oedema normal on ophthalmoscope
reduced VA + pinhole correction
signs with progression:
background:
microaneurysms (dot haemorrhages)
hard exudates (lipid leaked from microaneursyms)
blot haemorrhages
pre-proliferative:
cotton wool spots - infarcts of unmyelinated nerve cell layer in front of retina
venous beading + looping
intra-retinal microvascular abnormalities
proliferative:
new vessels around disc
peripheral new vessels
new vessels on iris
endstage: vitreous haemorrhage from fragile vessels scarring retinal detachment blindness
3
Q
diabetic retinopathy - indications for eye referral
A
fall in VA - cataracts or maculopathy cotton wool spot 3 blot haemorrhages anything at macula new vessels - emergency
4
Q
diabetic retinopathy - management
A
laser (esp for new vessels) to reduce local GFs
