Divisions of the brain Flashcards
What are the 5 divisions of the human brain?
Telencephalon (F), Diencephalon (F), Mesencephalon (M), Metencephalon (H), Myelencephalon (H).
What is found in the Telencephalon?
Basal Ganglia, limbic system, cortex.
What are the folds in the cortex called?
Gyrus (crest), Sulcus (trough)
What are fissures?
Deep sulci that can indent ventricles
What does the cortex do?
Connected to the thalamus and controls electrical information that is entering and leaving.
Has 6 layers of neurons that receives information through certain layers, sends out information through fibres.
What is found in the diencephalon
Thalamus and hypothalamus
What does Thalamus do?
2 Lobed structure
Has many types of nuclei
Nuclei may be specific to one sense or nonspecfifc and involved in multimodal integration
What does the hypothalamus do?
Affects behaviours such as feeding, sex, sleeping, temperature, emotion, movements
Acts on body’s endocrine system via the pituitary gland
What does the mesencecephalon include?
Tectum, tegmentum
What is tectum?
Nuclei that receive and relay
Visual info (superior colliculi)
Audio info (inferior colliculi)
What is tegmentum?
Motor function
Pain
What is in Metencephalon?
Pons, cerebellum
What is pons?
House fibre tracts and part of reticular formation
What is cerebellm?
connected to cortex and compares movements that have been sent out by cortex
What is myelencephalon
has lots of myelin which wraps axons and allows them to send signals
What is reticular formation
In mid/hind brain
has many nuclei that plays roles in arousal, attention, cardiac and respiratory reflexes
What does corpus callosum do?
Transfers information between two cerebral hemispheres
Large bundle of nerve fibres
Largest white matter structure in the brain
Know the major fissures of the brain
Central sulcus (vertical down the top of sagital slice)
Lateral sulcus (diagonal down the sagital slice)
What are the major components of the limbic system?
Hippocampus, amygdala
What does hippocampus do?
Spatial memory
What does Amygdala do?
Role in emotion, remembering events based on how you feel
What is cerebro-spinal fluid?
Found in ventricles
Responsible for:
Buoyancy (suspending the brain in fluid to reduce weight)
Protection (reduces injury upon head impact, preventing the brain from hitting skull)
Chemical stability (rinses waste through BBB, maintains appropriate levels of hormones, and pH)
