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Abi History 2016 > Division of Germany and the Collapse of the USSR > Flashcards

Division of Germany and the Collapse of the USSR Flashcards

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1
Q

What is glasnost?

A

Openness

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2
Q

What is perestroika?

A

Restructuring

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3
Q

What did glasnost entail?

A

Freedom of expression
Freedom of speech
The people were now allowed to complain

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4
Q

Who was defeated in WWII?

A

The Axis Powers

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5
Q

How did France fare after WWII?

A

It had been smashed by Germany

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6
Q

How did the Allied Powers decide to punish Germany?

A

They divided it into four zones of occupation

They each took one of these zones as their own

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7
Q

Who got the biggest part of Germany?

A

The USSR

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8
Q

Why did the USSR get the biggest part of Germany?

A

They were the ones who eventually won the war

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9
Q

What happened at the Yalta conference?

A

The idea of dividing Germany was devised

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10
Q

What happened at the Potsdam conference?

A

The four zones of occupation were put into place

They came up with ideas on how to punish Germany

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11
Q

How did the four zones of occupation become East and West Germany?

A

The capitalist countries (Britain, France and the USA) decided to merge their zones
They called this zone West Germany
The communist side (USSR) become East Germany

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12
Q

Which side became more prosperous?

A

West Germany

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13
Q

Which side of Germany became stagnant?

A

East Germany

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14
Q

Why did West Germany prosper?

A

West Germany got economical support from its government
Since it was capitalist, people took advantage and started their own businesses
The USA, France and Britain exported goods to Germany

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15
Q

Why did East Germany suffer?

A

The government of the USSR did not provide capital for East Germany
They did not export goods there
They took from Germany and exploited the workers
There was no economic growth

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16
Q

What did East Germans start doing?

A

They left to go to West Germany

17
Q

Why was the immigration such a big problem in Berlin?

A

Berlin was still the capital
Berlin was on the communist side
Berlin was also divided into East and West
East Berliners could easily go to West Berlin

18
Q

Why was there a wall built between West and East Berlin?

A

Khrushchev saw the East Berliners were leaving to go over to the West side
He ordered a guarded wall to be built to stop them from leaving without permission

19
Q

Which city became the “capital” of West Germany?

A

Bon

20
Q

What was Berlin like before the Berlin Wall?

A

West Berlin sold millions of movie tickets to East
Thousands of East Berliners worked in West Berlin
Berliners could freely between both sides

21
Q

What happened to people who tried to cross the wall?

A

They were shot by guards patrolling the wall

22
Q

Who was Mikhail Gorbachev?

A

He was the leader is the USSR after Khrushchev

23
Q

What did Mikhail try to do?

A

He introduced reforms to try and save the Communist system

24
Q

What two policies did Gorbachev implement?

A

Perestroika

Glasnost

25
Q

What effect did Mikhail’s reforms have on East Germany?

A

Protestors arose

The head of state was forced to resign

26
Q

Who was East Germany’s head of state?

A

Erich Honecker

27
Q

What did the new government in East Germany do?

A

They introduced a law to lift the travel restrictions

28
Q

How did Gorbachev respond to the new law?

A

He did nothing to stop this

29
Q

How did East Berliners respond to the new laws?

A

They flooded the border gates

The guards let them through, with little to no identity checking

30
Q

How did the Berlin Wall come down?

A

After the new law was passed, citizens began chopping down the wal

31
Q

What did the Berlin Wall represent?

A

It was a physical symbol of the Cold War

It was a representation of the divide between Communism and Capitalism

32
Q

How did the Cold War end?

A

Gorbachev and Bush met and declared the Cold War officially over

33
Q

Who was the leader of the USA at the end of the Cold War?

A

George H.W. Bush Senior

34
Q

Where did Mikhail and George agree to the end of the Cold War?

A

At the Malta Summit

35
Q

What happened after the Cold War ended?

A

The Soviet Union dissolved and the communist government came to an end

Abi History 2016 (8 decks)

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