Diversity of Life: Introduction

Question 1

Taxa

Answer 1

Classification of an organism can be broken down into different catergories

Question 2

Taxonomic rank

Answer 2

Most general at the top, most specific at the bottom

Question 3

Flow of taxonomy from largest to smallest (specific)

Answer 3

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 4

Obligate Aerobes

Answer 4

Need oxygen to survive

Question 5

Obligate anaerobes

Answer 5

Cannot survive in presence of oxygen

Question 6

Facultative anaerobe

Answer 6

Grows in presense of ocygen but can utilize anaerobic metabolism when oxygen is absent

Question 7

Microbes

Answer 7

Make up the microbiome

Question 8

Gram positive (+)

Answer 8

Purple stain
Thick peptidoglycan layer
Teichoic acids present
No outer membrane

Question 9

Gram Negative (-)

Answer 9

Stain pink
Thin peptidoglycan layer
Contains outer membrane
Produce endotoxins when broken down

Question 10

Endospores

Answer 10

Durable structures that help bacterium survive in extreme environmental conditions

Question 11

What was the sign of early form of life

Answer 11

Anaerobic prokaryotes

Question 12

Anaerobic prokaryotes

Answer 12

First types of living organisms to appear

Question 13

Heterotrophs

Answer 13

Consumers of organic substances/food produced from autotrophs

Question 14

Chemoheterotrophs

Answer 14

Use organic compounds as source of energy
Obtain carbon for metabolism through consuming organic materials

Question 15

Photoheterotrophs

Answer 15

Use light for energy
Obtain carbon for metabolism through consuming organic materials

Question 16

Decomposers

Answer 16

Consume the remains of organisms and non living organic material

Question 17

Autotrophs

Answer 17

Producers of organic substances/food
Earliest autotrophic cells were anaerobic but capable of photosynthesis

Question 18

What are anaerobic photosynthesizers

Answer 18

Cyanobacteria

Question 19

Chemoautotrophs

Answer 19

Use inorganic chemicals in reactions for energy

Question 20

Photoautotrophs

Answer 20

Use light for energy

Question 21

Cell wall for plant

Answer 21

cellulose

Question 22

cell wall for fungi

Answer 22

chitin

Question 23

Eukarya domain characteristics

Answer 23

Eukaryotic cell type
linear chromosomes, DNA in nucleus
Organelles present

Question 24

Archaea domain characteristics

Answer 24

Prokaryotic cell type
Circular DNA, DNA in nucleoid
May contain extrachromosomal DNA (plasmids)
No organelles, has ribosomes

Question 25

Eubacteria domain characteristics

Answer 25

Prokaryotic cell type
Circular DNA, DNA in nucleoid region
May contain extrachromosomal DNA (plasmids)
Cell wall: Peptidoglycan