Diversity (Mostly Algae) Flashcards
Which algae shares the traits with plant? Give example
Charophytes. Zygnema
What type of chlorophyll is present in green, brown and red algae?
Green: chlorophyll a and b
Red : chlorophyll a and d
Brown : chlorophyll a and c
Cell wall of all types of algae
Green - cellulose
Red - cellulose
Brown - cellulose and alginic acid
Storage material of all algae
Green - starch
Red - starch in cytoplasm
Brown - laminarin and mannitol
Phycobilin is present in which type of algae
Red algae
Two types of spores produced asexually in algae
Zoospores and aplanospores
Chlorella forms which type of spores after their wall rupture?
Autospores
What is the name of the structure formed in unfavourable condition by algae
Akinetes and hypnospores
Name the male and female organ in the algae
Antheridium and oogonium
Three types of spores in sexual reproduction
Isogamous, anisogamous and oogamous
Who are the amphibians of the plant
Bryophytes
Name the subdivisions of the bryophytes with example.
Heptophyta - liverworts
Anthocerophyta - hornworts
Bryophyta - mosses
Which form is dominating in bryophytes
Gametophyte
Protonema
Unicellular branch-like stage which is a mass of green. Absorbs water and has large surface area
Which part is used in anchorage for the bryophytes
Rhizoids
How is water absorbed in bryophytes
Capillary action by the body surface
How are the sex organs of the bryophytes
Male gametophyte is called antheridium
Female gametophyte is called archigonium and is jacketed
Is the sporophytic phaclse dependent on the gametophytic phase?
Yes
What is peristome
The capsule has teeth like structure which are called peristome
Which bryophyte form symbiotic relationship with nitrogen fixing bacteria
Hornworts
Which bryophyte doesn’t have a seta
Hornworts
Peat moss is also called
Sphagnum
Which is the dominant phase of pteridophyte
Sporophytic phase
Xylem of pteridophyte characteristics?
Is lignified and dead. Have tracheids and tube shaped cells
Leaves of pteridophyte are classified into?
Megaphyll and microphyll
The spore producing part of fern is called
Sori
The cone like structure of lycophyte is called
Strobili
Name the two phylum of the pteridophyte
Lycophyta
Monilophyta
What are fronds
The coiled tip that unfurls and grows from the rhizome
Which plant has branching stem but no root in pteridophyte
Psilotum
Which two groups did RH Whittaker divided the plant kingdom
Cryptogamae and phanyrogamae
Give example of algae of freshwater stagnant water
Spirogyra, Volvox, Chlamydomonas
Example of algae of running freshwater
Ulothrix and Chara
Marine water algae
Ectocarpus and Polysiphonia
Sapophytic algae
Euglena and Vaucheria
Cryptophytes example of algae
Nostoc and Anabaena
Halophytic algae eg.
Chlamydomonas and Dunaliella
Epiphytic algae eg.
Oedogonium and Microspora
Epizoic algae
Chladophore
Endozoic algae eg.
Zoochlorella in Hydra
Oscillatoria in digestive tract
Symbiotic algae eg.
Lichens, Nostoc with anthoceros, Anabaena with Cycas
Cryophytic algae eg.
Chlamydomonas
Lithophytic algae
Nostoc, Rivularia
Paracytic algae eg.
Cephaleuros causes red rust in coffee and tea
Thermophytes eg. In algae
Blue green algae
Give eg. Of algae that doesn’t have true cell wall.
Euglena and Gymnodium
Which class of algae doesn’t have flagella?
Rhodophycea and Cyanophyceae
Two types of flagella
Whiplash (acronematic) and tinsel (pleuroneumatic)
Give example of algae with haplontic life cycle
Chlamydomonas
Give example of algae with diplontic life cycle
Chladophora, Fucus, Sargassum and Diatoms
Examples of green algae
Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Ulothrix, Spirogyra and Chara
Examples of red algae
Polysiphonia, Porphyra, Gelidium and Gracilaria
Example of brown algae
Ectocarpus, Dictyota, Laminaria, Fucus, and Sargassum
Which process does prokaryotic cells does not undergo? Mitosis or meiosis
Mitosis
Give example of mesokaryotic algae?
Dinophyceae
What is eye spot or stigma?
It is a pigmented spot which are light sensitive.
What is the membrane of vacoule called?
Tonoplast
Which type of algae does not have pigment? What do they have?
Cyanophyceae
They have chromoplasm
Name the two types of plastids.
Leucoplast and chromoplast
Name the two types of chromoplast.
Chloroplast and chromatophore
Which type of chlorophyll is present in all the algae?
Chlorophyll a
What is xanthophyll? Types?
Xanthophyll is made from carotene and molecular oxygen.
Violaxanthin, neoxanthin, and fucoxanthine
Three types of phycobilin?
Phycoerythin, phycocyanins and allophycocyanin
What are pyrenoids?
They are made of proteins. Helps in synthesis and storage of starch.
Give example of algae that undergoes cell division.
Chlamydomonas
Example of alga that forms tuber
Chara
Example of algae that forms adventitious branching.
Fucus and Dictyota
Cell wall of red, green, and brown algae.
Green - cellulose and pectic
Red - cellulose and pectic
Brown - cellulose, fucinic and alginic algae
Reserve material of red, green, and brown algae.
Green - Starch
Red - Starch (floreadin)
Brown - Laminarin and mannitol
Which type of algae has phycoerythin?
Rhodophycea
Which algae is which in iodine?
Fucus and Laminaria
Which light does red algae absorb in the deep ocean?
Blue and green light
