Bryophyta

Question 1

Plants came to land in which period?

Answer 1

Silurian period

Question 2

Name the three phyla of bryophytes.

Answer 2

Hepatophyta (Liverworts)
Mosses (Bryophyta)
Hornworts (Anthocerophyta)

Question 3

Two specialised features of liverworts.

Answer 3

Oil bodies and elaters

Question 4

Is stomata present in the liverworts?

Answer 4

No, but specialised pores are present that perform specialised guard cells.

Question 5

Thalloid has a specialised structure for vegetative propagation. Name it.

Answer 5

Gemma cup that has Gemma propagules

Question 6

The arrangement of mature antheridia and immature antheridia in the antheridiophore?

Answer 6

Acropetal arrangement
Oldest in the centre and youngest at the periphery.

Question 7

Arrangement of archegonia in the anechigoniophore.

Answer 7

Mature at the end youngest at the centre

Question 8

Example of liverworts

Answer 8

Marchantia

Question 9

The type of rhizoids Marchantia have?

Answer 9

Simple and tuberculate

Question 10

What were hornworts or anthocerophyta formerly called?

Answer 10

Anthocerotae

Question 11

Do hornworts have stomata?

Answer 11

Some species have

Question 12

Which phyla forms a symbiotic association with blue green algae?

Answer 12

Hornworts

Question 13

What is the unique central column found in hornworts called?

Answer 13

Columella

Question 14

What kind of elaters are found in hornworts?

Answer 14

Pseudo-elaters

Question 15

Example of hornworts?

Answer 15

Anthoceros, Phaeceros

Question 16

What kind of rhizoids do Anthoceros have?

Answer 16

Smooth walled

Question 17

Are air pores and chambers present in the Anthoceros?

Answer 17

No

Question 18

Which phase of Anthoceros have stomata?

Answer 18

Sporophytic

Question 19

Do Anthoceros have chloroplast?

Answer 19

Yes

Question 20

Anthoceros have pyrenoids?

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

Do Mosses have stomata?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

Name the specialised conducting cells and sugar conducting cells?

Answer 22

Hydroids
Leptoids

Question 23

What is the name of the layer present in the spores of mosses?

Answer 23

Perine layer

Question 24

Name of the protective covering at the end of the sporophyte.

Answer 24

Calyptra

Question 25

Example of mosses?

Answer 25

Sphagnum, Funaria

Question 26

Why does sphagnum doesn’t decay easily?

Answer 26

Because of the phenolic compound

Question 27

What are the colours of rhizoids during different stages of Funaria?

Answer 27

Young rhizoids are colourless and when they mature they become brown. Sometimes develop chlorophyll too.

Question 28

What covers the apex of the capsule?

Answer 28

Calyptra