Diverse Learners Flashcards
Register
the degree of formality with which one speaks. ex- People speak in a formal or informal register depending on the situation.
Cultural Sensitivity
dealing with difficult topics carefully and considering how different cultures would interpret the information.
Diversity
Representations of people with their different cultures, which can be in language, social status, age, ethnicity, or other traits within a group. ex-Many schools today are encompassed with multicultural diversity.
Overextension
using a specific word in a general sense. ex- If a child refers to all adult females as “mommy,” this is overextension.
Language Transfer
process that occurs when students who are learning a new language transfer knowledge from L1 to L2. ex- Students use what they know about sentence structure in their native language to help them understand sentence structure in the language they are acquiring.
Dialect
form of a language particular to a specific region or community
Folktale
stories that are orally passed through generations. ex- “The Three Little Pigs” and “Little Red Riding Hood” are examples of folktales featuring animals
Code-Switching
the ability to change the way you communicate depending on what is appropriate for the situation. ex- students use “U” for you in text messages, but should use “you” in classwork
Lexical Ambiguity
the presence of two or more possible meanings within a single word. ex- The sentence “I saw her slide” contains lexical ambiguity. The reader questions, did you see a thing that belongs to a girl or an action the girl did?
Appropriateness
Determine whether the subject matter is appropriate for the students’ maturity level
Author Chair
a platform from which students share their writing. ex- The student felt so proud to share his persuasive essay about limited screen time from the Author Chair.
Audiobook
a recording of a reading of a book
ELL Proficiency: Beginning
students have little or no ability to understand spoken English used in academic and social settings. ex- Beginning ELL students struggle to understand simple conversations and produce sentences.
Glossary
a list of important words to know along with their meanings
Structural Ambiguity
the presence of two or more possible meanings within a single sentence or sequence of words. ex- The sentence “Mom said that Chad ate in the kitchen” contains structural ambiguity. The reader questions, is this referring to where Chad ate or where Mom said it?
Auditory Learning
Learning primarily by hearing things. ex-Lectures
ELL Proficiency: Advanced
students have the ability to understand simple, high-frequency spoken English used in routine academic and social settings, with minimal support. ex- Advanced ELL students understand and can participate in longer conversations and discussions on familiar and unfamiliar topics.
Universal Theme
common ideas that appear in literature across all cultures. ex- Some common universal themes include love, courage, friendship, and good succeeding over evil.
Comprehensible Input
Information that can be understood despite language barriers. Legally required to be provided to all ELL students under statute set by Lau vs. Nichols. ex- If a teacher uses comprehensible input for her ELL students, they can understand the essence of what is being said even if they do not know every word or structure used in the message.
ELL Proficiency: Intermediate
students have the ability to understand, with language support, grade-appropriate spoken English used in academic and social settings. ex- Intermediate ELL students understand and participate in simple conversations on familiar topics and require support on unfamiliar topics.
Skype
telecommunications application that specializes in providing video chat and voice calls
Independent Reading Level
A reading level in which a student can read and comprehend independently. They have difficulty with no more than one out of every twenty words.
Standard English
written or spoken English that follows all grammatical rules and is spelled and pronounced correctly.
False Cognates
words from different languages that look and sound alike, but have different meanings. ex- The Spanish word “sopa” looks and sounds like the English word “soap,” but its English translation is “soup.”
