Diuretics - Van Rijn

Question 1

Diuresis

Answer 1

Increase in urine volume

Question 2

Natriuresis

Answer 2

Increase in renal sodium excretion

Question 3

How does natriuresis cause diuretics

Answer 3

Water follows the sodium into the urein

Question 4

How do diuretics work?

Answer 4

They remove sodium and water from the body/blood (reduced plasma volume, cardiac output, and BP)

Question 5

What are 5 types of diuretics?

Answer 5

• Acetazolamide
• Osmotic diuretics
• Loop diuretics
• Thiazides
• Potassium-sparing

Question 6

What 3 diuretics are useful in treating HTN?

Answer 6

• Loop
• Thiazides
• Potassium-sparing

Question 7

What are the 3 regions of the loop of henle?

Answer 7

• Descending limb
• Thin ascending limb
• Thick ascending limb

Question 8

What cells secrete renin?

Answer 8

Juxtaglomerular cells

Question 9

Where is the Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) located?

Answer 9

Kidneys

Question 10

Where is the Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC1) located?

Answer 10

Throughout the body (including the inner ear!)

Question 11

Loop diuretics ____ renal blood flow

Answer 11

increase

Question 12

What drug(s) do(es) furosemide interact with?

Answer 12

NSAIDS

Question 13

What is the threshold dose for loop diuretics?

Answer 13

40x creatinine IV

Question 14

When should you switch patients to lasix from thiazides?

Answer 14

when GFR <30 ml/min

Question 15

What is the MOA of thiazide diuretics?

Answer 15

Block the Na/Cl cotransporter from the lumen into the tubular epithelium in the distal convoluted tubule

Question 16

What diuretic increases the risk of gout?

Answer 16

Thiazides (HTCZ)

Question 17

What diuretics cause hypercalcemia?

Answer 17

Thiazides and potassium-sparing diuretics

Question 18

What diuretics cause hypocalcemia?

Answer 18

Loop diuretics

Question 19

Which potassium sparing diuretic can cause gynecomastia and BPH?

Answer 19

Spironolactone