Diuretics (Exam VI)

Question 1

Furosemide

Answer 1

Inhibits NKCC2 pump
Uses: edema, hypercalcemia, HTN
Tox: hypokalemia, ototoxicity
Notes: thick ascending limb of Henle; rapid onset of action

Question 2

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 2

Inhibits NCC pump
Uses: CHF, hypercalcinuria, HTN
Tox: hypokalemic metabolic acidosis
Notes: Distal convoluted tubule; slow onset of action

Question 3

Amiloride

Answer 3

Inhibits ENaC
Uses: CHF, HTN, hypokalemia
Tox: hyperkalemia
Notes: Cortical collecting duct; K+ sparing diuretic

Question 4

Spironolactone

Answer 4

Aldosterone receptor antagonist
Uses: CHF, hyperaldosteronism, HTN
Tox: hyperkalemia, endocrine effects
Notes: Cortical collecting duct, K+ sparing diuretic

Question 5

Tolvaptan

Answer 5

V2 vasopressin receptor antagonist
Uses: DIADH, hyponatremia
Tox: nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, hepatotoxicity
Notes: maybe effective against CHF, polycystic kidney disease